HIV-1 propagation is highly dependent on basal levels of the restriction factor BST2.

HIV-1 propagation is highly dependent on basal levels of the restriction factor BST2.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abj7398
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发表时间:
2021-10-29
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Göttlinger H
Göttlinger H
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Olety B;Peters P;Wu Y;Usami Y;Göttlinger H

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艾滋病毒的传播依赖于抗病毒免疫的一个关键组成部分,即将新生病毒粒子束缚在受感染细胞的表面。BST2是一种干扰素诱导的抗病毒宿主蛋白,可被HIV-1 Vpu拮抗,将新生的HIV-1病毒粒子捕获在细胞表面。出乎意料的是,我们发现缺乏Nef的HIV-1可以通过失去对抗BST2的能力而恢复到完全复制能力。使用基因编辑和细胞分选,我们证明即使是野生型HIV-1的繁殖也明显依赖于BST2,包括在原代人细胞中。HIV-1在BST2−/−群体中的传播可以被外源BST2完全挽救,而不管其信号能力如何,甚至可以通过人工的BST2样蛋白来挽救,该蛋白具有相同的病毒粒子捕获活性,但缺乏序列同源性。与我们的直觉相反,我们的研究结果表明,HIV-1的传播严重依赖于先天抗病毒免疫的一个关键组成部分的病毒粒子捆绑的基础水平。
HIV spreading relies on a key component of antiviral immunity that tethers nascent virions to the surface of infected cells. BST2 is an interferon-inducible antiviral host protein antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu that entraps nascent HIV-1 virions on the cell surface. Unexpectedly, we find that HIV-1 lacking Nef can revert to full replication competence simply by losing the ability to antagonize BST2. Using gene editing together with cell sorting, we demonstrate that even the propagation of wild-type HIV-1 is strikingly dependent on BST2, including in primary human cells. HIV-1 propagation in BST2−/− populations can be fully rescued by exogenous BST2 irrespective of its capacity to signal and even by an artificial BST2-like protein that shares its virion entrapment activity but lacks sequence homology. Counterintuitively, our results reveal that HIV-1 propagation is critically dependent on basal levels of virion tethering by a key component of innate antiviral immunity.
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