Insights into the Structures and Multimeric Status of APOBEC Proteins Involved in Viral Restriction and Other Cellular Functions.
Insights into the Structures and Multimeric Status of APOBEC Proteins Involved in Viral Restriction and Other Cellular Functions.
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DOI：
10.3390/v13030497
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发表时间：
2021-03-17
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen XS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen XS
载脂蛋白B信使核糖核酸编辑催化多肽类(APOBEC)蛋白属于脱氨酶蛋白家族，能在单链DNA或/和RNA上催化胞嘧啶脱氨为尿嘧啶。APOBEC蛋白参与多种生物学功能，包括适应性免疫和天然免疫，这对限制病毒感染和内源性逆转录因子至关重要。它们功能的失调会导致不必要的基因组突变和RNA修饰，导致各种相关疾病，如高IgM综合征和癌症。本文就单个APOBEC的多聚体状态及其相关功能的结构和生化数据作一综述。许多APOBEC形成不同的多聚体复合体，多聚化是在多个水平上调节其中一些蛋白质功能的重要途径，如脱氨酶活性、蛋白质稳定性、亚细胞定位、蛋白质储存和激活、病毒粒子包装和抗病毒活性。由于相关的复杂RNA结合模式，一些APOBEC的多聚体比另一些复杂。
Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) proteins belong to a family of deaminase proteins that can catalyze the deamination of cytosine to uracil on single-stranded DNA or/and RNA. APOBEC proteins are involved in diverse biological functions, including adaptive and innate immunity, which are critical for restricting viral infection and endogenous retroelements. Dysregulation of their functions can cause undesired genomic mutations and RNA modification, leading to various associated diseases, such as hyper-IgM syndrome and cancer. This review focuses on the structural and biochemical data on the multimerization status of individual APOBECs and the associated functional implications. Many APOBECs form various multimeric complexes, and multimerization is an important way to regulate functions for some of these proteins at several levels, such as deaminase activity, protein stability, subcellular localization, protein storage and activation, virion packaging, and antiviral activity. The multimerization of some APOBECs is more complicated than others, due to the associated complex RNA binding modes.
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