Super-Enhancers Dysregulations in Hematological Malignancies.
Super-Enhancers Dysregulations in Hematological Malignancies.
复制标题
血液恶性肿瘤中的超级增强子失调。
DOI：
10.3390/cells11020196
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发表时间：
2022-01-07
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Lobry C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belloucif Y;Lobry C
影响淋巴系或髓系系的血液系统恶性肿瘤在大多数病例中涉及表观遗传突变或调节失调。这些表观遗传学异常会影响基因组中的调控元件，特别是增强子。最近，被称为超级增强子的大调控元件最初被发现在控制细胞特性的基因的细胞类型特异性表达调控中发挥关键作用，但也被证明通过调节包括MYC在内的许多癌基因参与了许多癌症类型和血液系统恶性肿瘤的发生。在这篇综述中，我们强调了超级增强剂与血液系统恶性肿瘤之间的现有联系，特别关注急性髓系白血病，这是一种克隆性造血肿瘤，结果令人沮丧，导致成髓细胞的不受控制的增殖，在分化过程中异常受阻，并在患者的骨髓中积聚。我们报告最近的工作，在过去的几年中，处理这一主题，并考虑了以致癌基因调控元件为靶点的可能性，以及到目前为止报道的此类策略的有效性和局限性。
Hematological malignancies affecting either the lymphoid or the myeloid lineages involve epigenetic mutations or dysregulation in the majority of cases. These epigenetic abnormalities can affect regulatory elements in the genome and, particularly, enhancers. Recently, large regulatory elements known as super-enhancers, initially identified for their critical roles in cell-type specific expression regulation of genes controlling cell identity, have been shown to also be involved in tumorigenesis in many cancer types and hematological malignancies via the regulation of numerous oncogenes, including MYC. In this review, we highlight the existing links between super-enhancers and hematological malignancies, with a particular focus on acute myeloid leukemia, a clonal hematopoietic neoplasm with dismal outcomes, resulting in an uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts, abnormally blocked during differentiation and accumulating within the patient’s bone marrow. We report recent works, performed during the last few years, treating this subject and consider the possibility of targeting oncogenic regulatory elements, as well as the effectiveness and limitations reported so far for such strategies.
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