Effects of increased minimum wages by unemployment rate on suicide in the USA.
Effects of increased minimum wages by unemployment rate on suicide in the USA.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/jech-2019-212981
复制
发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Livingston MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaufman JA;Salas-Hernández LK;Komro KA;Livingston MD
最低工资等社会福利政策可以影响人口健康，尽管其影响可能因特定时间社会经历的失业水平而异。我们使用 1990 年至 2015 年期间所有 50 个州和华盛顿特区的月度数据运行了双重差分模型。我们使用教育程度来定义治疗组和对照组。风险敞口是 2015 年州最低工资与联邦最低工资之间的差异，定义为州法律生效日期和滞后 1 年。模型包括州和年份固定效应，以及额外的州级协变量，以解释州特定的时变混杂因素。我们评估了州一级失业率的影响修正，并估计了不同最低工资情景下的预测自杀人数。最低工资增加 1 美元，对 18-64 岁高中及以下学历成年人的自杀率产生的影响从 3.4%（95% CI 0.4 至 6.4）下降到 5.9%（95% CI 1.4 至 10.2）不等。我们发现失业率有显着的影响，在失业率较高的情况下，最低工资对减少自杀率的影响最大。最低工资的提高似乎可以降低高中及以下学历人群的自杀率，并可能缩小社会经济群体之间的差距。在高失业率时期，影响最为显着。
Social welfare policies such as the minimum wage can affect population health, though the impact may differ by the level of unemployment experienced by society at a given time. We ran difference-in-differences models using monthly data from all 50 states and Washington, DC from 1990 to 2015. We used educational attainment to define treatment and control groups. The exposure was the difference between state and federal minimum wage in US$2015, defined both by the date the state law became effective and lagged by 1 year. Models included state and year fixed effects, and additional state-level covariates to account for state-specific time-varying confounding. We assessed effect modification by the state-level unemployment rate, and estimated predicted suicide counts under different minimum wage scenarios. The effect of a US$1 increase in the minimum wage ranged from a 3.4% decrease (95% CI 0.4 to 6.4) to a 5.9% decrease (95% CI 1.4 to 10.2) in the suicide rate among adults aged 18–64 years with a high school education or less. We detected significant effect modification by unemployment rate, with the largest effects of minimum wage on reducing suicides observed at higher unemployment levels. Minimum wage increases appear to reduce the suicide rate among those with a high school education or less, and may reduce disparities between socioeconomic groups. Effects appear greatest during periods of high unemployment.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
7.5
作者：
Haw, Camilla;Hawton, Keith;Platt, Stephen
通讯作者：
Platt, Stephen
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Norström T;Grönqvist H
通讯作者：
Grönqvist H
影响因子：
33.9
作者：
Florence, Curtis;Simon, Thomas;Zhou, Chao
通讯作者：
Zhou, Chao
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Frasquilho D;Matos MG;Salonna F;Guerreiro D;Storti CC;Gaspar T;Caldas-de-Almeida JM
通讯作者：
Caldas-de-Almeida JM
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Galea, Sandro;Tracy, Melissa;Karpati, Adam
通讯作者：
Karpati, Adam