Seed size and its rate of evolution correlate with species diversification across angiosperms.
Seed size and its rate of evolution correlate with species diversification across angiosperms.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.2002792
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发表时间：
2017-07
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Tanentzap AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Igea J;Miller EF;Papadopulos AST;Tanentzap AJ
物种多样性在组成生命之树（ToL）的不同分类组之间差异很大。这种不平衡在被子植物中特别明显，但在很大程度上无法解释。种子质量是一个性状，它可能有助于澄清为什么一些谱系比其他谱系更多样化，因为它赋予了对不同环境的适应，从而影响物种形成和灭绝。种子质量在被子植物生殖过程中的变化率也可能与多样化有关，增加了生殖隔离，并允许进入新的生态位。然而，种子质量和多样化之间的关联的大小和方向尚未在被子植物的发育过程中进行评估。在这里，我们表明，绝对种子大小和种子大小的变化率都与多样化率的变化。基于最大的被子植物系统发育树，我们发现，较小的种子植物有较高的多样化率，可能是由于提高殖民潜力。种子大小的表型变化率也与物种形成率呈强正相关，提供了罕见的，大规模的证据表明，快速的形态变化与物种分化。我们的研究现在揭示了形态特征的变化，重要的是，它们进化的速度有助于解释整个ToL的多样性分布极不均匀。为什么有些开花植物的种类极其多样，而另一些种类却非常贫乏？物种的特征和它们进化的速度在产生这种生物多样性的不均匀分布方面重要吗？通过使用最大的植物系统发育树，再加上无与伦比的性状数据集，我们分析了种子大小及其在整个生育期的变化率与物种形成率之间的关系。种子大小对植物进化至关重要，因为它与植物对环境的适应有关，并影响植物生活史的许多方面，包括传播，抵抗损害和殖民潜力。我们发现，种子大小的变化速度更快的速度与更快的物种形成，可能是通过促进血统之间的生殖障碍的出现。我们还发现，较小的种子物种比较大的种子物种形成得更快。这些结果强调了形态特征的重要性，特别是它们的进化速度，在促进地球上最大的生物辐射之一的物种分化方面。
Species diversity varies greatly across the different taxonomic groups that comprise the Tree of Life (ToL). This imbalance is particularly conspicuous within angiosperms, but is largely unexplained. Seed mass is one trait that may help clarify why some lineages diversify more than others because it confers adaptation to different environments, which can subsequently influence speciation and extinction. The rate at which seed mass changes across the angiosperm phylogeny may also be linked to diversification by increasing reproductive isolation and allowing access to novel ecological niches. However, the magnitude and direction of the association between seed mass and diversification has not been assessed across the angiosperm phylogeny. Here, we show that absolute seed size and the rate of change in seed size are both associated with variation in diversification rates. Based on the largest available angiosperm phylogenetic tree, we found that smaller-seeded plants had higher rates of diversification, possibly due to improved colonisation potential. The rate of phenotypic change in seed size was also strongly positively correlated with speciation rates, providing rare, large-scale evidence that rapid morphological change is associated with species divergence. Our study now reveals that variation in morphological traits and, importantly, the rate at which they evolve can contribute to explaining the extremely uneven distribution of diversity across the ToL. Why are some groups of flowering plants extremely diverse while others are very poor in species? Are the traits of species and the rate at which they evolve important in generating this uneven distribution of biodiversity? By using the largest available phylogenetic tree of plants coupled with an unparalleled trait dataset, we analysed how seed size and its rate of change across the phylogeny are correlated with the rate of species formation. Seed size is crucial to plant evolution because it is related to adaptation to environment and influences many aspects of plant life history, including dispersal, resistance to damage and colonisation potential. We found that faster rates of seed size change were associated with faster rates of speciation, probably by fostering the appearance of reproductive barriers between lineages. We also found that smaller seeded species speciated faster than larger seeded ones. These results underscore the importance of morphological traits, and particularly their rate of evolution, in promoting species divergence across one of the largest radiations of organisms on the planet.
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影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Cayuela, Luis;Granzow-de la Cerda, Inigo;Golicher, Duncan J.
通讯作者：
Golicher, Duncan J.
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Lanfear, Robert;Ho, Simon Y. W.;Allen, Andrew P.
通讯作者：
Allen, Andrew P.
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2011.1922
发表时间：
2012-04-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Claramunt, Santiago;Derryberry, Elizabeth P.;Brumfield, Robb T.
通讯作者：
Brumfield, Robb T.
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Kattge J;Díaz S;Lavorel S;Prentice IC;Leadley P;Bönisch G;Garnier E;Westoby M;Reich PB;Wright IJ;Cornelissen JH;Violle C;Harrison SP;Van Bodegom PM;Reichstein M;Enquist BJ;Soudzilovskaia NA;Ackerly DD;Anand M;Atkin O;Bahn M;Baker TR;Baldocchi D;Bekker R;Blanco CC;Blonder B;Bond WJ;Bradstock R;Bunker DE;Casanoves F;Cavender-Bares J;Chambers JQ;Chapin FS III;Chave J;Coomes D;Cornwell WK;Craine JM;Dobrin BH;Duarte L;Durka W;Elser J;Esser G;Estiarte M;Fagan WF;Fang J;Fernández-Méndez F;Fidelis A;Finegan B;Flores O;Ford H;Frank D;Freschet GT;Fyllas NM;Gallagher RV;Green WA;Gutierrez AG;Hickler T;Higgins SI;Hodgson JG;Jalili A;Jansen S;Joly CA;Kerkhoff AJ;Kirkup D;Kitajima K;Kleyer M;Klotz S;Knops JM;Kramer K;Kühn I;Kurokawa H;Laughlin D;Lee TD;Leishman M;Lens F;Lenz T;Lewis SL;Lloyd J;Llusià J;Louault F;Ma S;Mahecha MD;Manning P;Massad T;Medlyn BE;Messier J;Moles AT;Müller SC;Nadrowski K;Naeem S;Niinemets Ü;Nöllert S;Nüske A;Ogaya R;Oleksyn J;Onipchenko VG;Onoda Y;Ordoñez J;Overbeck G;Ozinga WA;Patiño S;Paula S;Pausas JG;Peñuelas J;Phillips OL;Pillar V;Poorter H;Poorter L;Poschlod P;Prinzing A;Proulx R;Rammig A;Reinsch S;Reu B;Sack L;Salgado-Negret B;Sardans J;Shiodera S;Shipley B;Siefert A;Sosinski E;Soussana JF;Swaine E;Swenson N;Thompson K;Thornton P;Waldram M;Weiher E;White M;White S;Wright SJ;Yguel B;Zaehle S;Zanne AE;Wirth C
通讯作者：
Wirth C
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1007888107
发表时间：
2010-11-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Lanfear, Robert;Ho, Simon Y. W.;Bromham, Lindell
通讯作者：
Bromham, Lindell