Genome-wide CRISPR screen in a mouse model of tumor growth and metastasis.

Genome-wide CRISPR screen in a mouse model of tumor growth and metastasis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2015.02.038
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发表时间:
2015-03-12
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Sharp PA
Sharp PA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen S;Sanjana NE;Zheng K;Shalem O;Lee K;Shi X;Scott DA;Song J;Pan JQ;Weissleder R;Lee H;Zhang F;Sharp PA

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遗传筛选是鉴定负责不同表型的基因的有力工具。在这里,我们描述了肿瘤生长和转移中的全基因组CRISPR-Cas9介导的功能丧失筛选。我们使用具有67,405个单向导RNA(sgRNA)的基因组规模文库诱变非转移性小鼠癌细胞系。当移植到免疫功能低下的小鼠中时,突变细胞库迅速产生转移。发现肺转移瘤和晚期原发性肿瘤中富集的sgRNA靶向一小部分基因,这表明特定的功能丧失突变驱动肿瘤生长和转移。单个sgRNA和靶向来自初级筛选的最高评分基因的624个sgRNA的小池显著加速转移。在所有这些实验中,突变对原发性肿瘤生长的影响与转移的发展正相关。我们的研究表明,基于Cas9的筛选是一种系统地测定体内癌症演变中基因表型的稳健方法。
Genetic screens are powerful tools for identifying genes responsible for diverse phenotypes. Here we describe a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9-mediated loss-of-function screen in tumor growth and metastasis. We mutagenized a non-metastatic mouse cancer cell line using a genome-scale library with 67,405 single guide RNAs (sgRNAs). The mutant cell pool rapidly generates metastases when transplanted into immunocompromised mice. Enriched sgRNAs in lung metastases and late stage primary tumors were found to target a small set of genes, suggesting specific loss-of-function mutations drive tumor growth and metastasis. Individual sgRNAs and a small pool of 624 sgRNAs targeting the top scoring genes from the primary screen dramatically accelerate metastasis. In all of these experiments, the effect of mutations on primary tumor growth positively correlates with the development of metastases. Our study demonstrates Cas9-based screening as a robust method to systematically assay gene phenotypes in cancer evolution in vivo.
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