Managing outbreaks of highly contagious diseases in prisons: a systematic review.
Managing outbreaks of highly contagious diseases in prisons: a systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003201
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Fazel S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beaudry G;Zhong S;Whiting D;Javid B;Frater J;Fazel S
许多国家的监狱都有爆发COVID-19的报道。到目前为止，各国的反应差异很大，目前尚不清楚公共卫生指导是否以现有的最佳证据为依据。我们进行了一次系统性的审查，以综合监狱中爆发高传染性疾病的证据。我们检索了7个电子数据库，以查找2000年1月1日至2020年7月28日期间发表的同行评议文章和官方报告。我们包括定量的初步研究，报告了一个给定的传染病在惩教设施爆发，并检查干预措施的效果。我们排除了没有提供干预细节的研究。我们使用无荟萃分析（SWiM）指南综合了常见主题，确定了文献中的空白，并对各种遏制方法的有效性进行了批判性评价。我们确定了28项相关研究。调查均基于高收入国家，并记录了结核病、流感（A型和B型）、水痘、麻疹、腮腺炎、腺病毒和COVID-19的爆发。这些报告有几个共同的主题，包括监狱中传染病爆发的公共卫生影响，以及机构间合作、卫生交流、传染病筛查、限制、隔离和检疫、接触者追踪、免疫接种计划、流行病监测和监狱特定准则在应对任何爆发方面的作用。监狱是传染病传播的高风险场所，在管理监狱中的疫情方面存在相当大的挑战。需要采取公共卫生方法来管理监狱中的COVID-19。CRD42020178827
There are reports of outbreaks of COVID-19 in prisons in many countries. Responses to date have been highly variable and it is not clear whether public health guidance has been informed by the best available evidence. We conducted a systematic review to synthesise the evidence on outbreaks of highly contagious diseases in prison. We searched seven electronic databases for peer-reviewed articles and official reports published between 1 January 2000 and 28 July 2020. We included quantitative primary research that reported an outbreak of a given contagious disease in a correctional facility and examined the effects of interventions. We excluded studies that did not provide detail on interventions. We synthesised common themes using the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guideline, identified gaps in the literature and critically appraised the effectiveness of various containment approaches. We identified 28 relevant studies. Investigations were all based in high-income countries and documented outbreaks of tuberculosis, influenza (types A and B), varicella, measles, mumps, adenovirus and COVID-19. Several themes were common to these reports, including the public health implications of infectious disease outbreaks in prison, and the role of interagency collaboration, health communication, screening for contagious diseases, restriction, isolation and quarantine, contact tracing, immunisation programmes, epidemiological surveillance and prison-specific guidelines in addressing any outbreaks. Prisons are high-risk settings for the transmission of contagious diseases and there are considerable challenges in managing outbreaks in them. A public health approach to managing COVID-19 in prisons is required. CRD42020178827
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