The impact of late, non-balanced bilingualism on cognitive performance
The impact of late, non-balanced bilingualism on cognitive performance
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晚期、不平衡的双语对认知表现的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2014.12.008
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Thomas H. Bak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Vega;Holly West;Antonella Sorace;Thomas H. Bak
本文研究了不同二语水平的晚期非平衡双语者的认知功能。在两个实验中，我们共调查了193名单语和双语大学生。我们评估了不同方面的注意力（持续性，选择性和注意力转换），语言流畅性（字母和类别）以及图片-单词联想作为衡量语言能力的标准。在实验2中，我们还比较了学生在他们的第一/初始（Y1）和第四/最后（Y 4）年的语言或文学研究。两组在类别流畅性方面没有差异。在选择性注意，双语者优于单语者在Y1和这种差异仍然显着的Y 4，尽管在两组的整体改善。对比结果发现，在注意力转换和字母流畅性：虽然没有差异，发现在Y1在这两项任务中，在Y 4有一个优势，双语者在注意力转换和单语者在字母流畅性。我们的结论是，整体晚收购非平衡双语经历类似的认知效果，他们的早期收购平衡的同行。然而，在成人第二语言习得的不同阶段，可能会出现不同的认知效果。
We present a study examining cognitive functions in late non-balanced bilinguals with different levels of second language proficiency. We examined in two experiments a total of 193 mono- and bilingual university students. We assessed different aspects of attention (sustained, selective and attentional switching), verbal fluency (letter and category) as well as picture–word association as a measure of language proficiency. In Experiment 2 we also compared students in their first/initial (Y1) and fourth/final (Y4) year of either language or literature studies. There were no differences between both groups in category fluency. In selective attention, bilinguals outperformed monolinguals in Y1 and this difference remained significant in Y4 despite overall improvement in both groups. Contrasting results were found in attentional switching and letter fluency: while no differences were found in Y1 in both tasks, in Y4 there was an advantage for bilinguals in attentional switching and for monolinguals in letter fluency. We conclude that overall late-acquisition non-balanced bilinguals experience similar cognitive effects as their early-acquisition balanced counterparts. However, different cognitive effects may appear at different stages of adult second language acquisition.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Gollan, Tamar H.;Slattery, Timothy J.;Goldenberg, Diane;Van Assche, Eva;Duyck, Wouter;Rayner, Keith
通讯作者：
Rayner, Keith
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Prior, Anat;MacWhinney, Brian
通讯作者：
MacWhinney, Brian