Frequency drives lexical access in reading but not in speaking: the frequency-lag hypothesis.
Frequency drives lexical access in reading but not in speaking: the frequency-lag hypothesis.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0022256
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发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Rayner, Keith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gollan, Tamar H.;Slattery, Timothy J.;Goldenberg, Diane;Van Assche, Eva;Duyck, Wouter;Rayner, Keith
为了对比生产与理解中的词汇访问机制，我们比较了词频（高、低）、上下文（无、低约束、高约束）和英语熟练程度（单语者、西班牙语-英语双语者、荷兰语-英语双语者）对图片命名、词汇决策和眼睛注视时间的影响。语义约束效应在生产中比在阅读中更大。生产中的频率效应比没有限制语境的阅读中更大，但阅读中的频率效应比有限制语境的生产中更大。双语劣势受到生产频率的影响，但不影响眼睛注视时间，在低约束环境中双语劣势并不较小，并且仅在生产中且仅在英语水平最低的情况下通过高约束环境而减少。这些结果挑战了现有的双语缺点的描述，并揭示了跨模态词汇访问过程中根本不同的过程，在生产中需要主要由语义驱动的搜索，但在理解中需要频率驱动的搜索。生产中明显比理解更多的交互过程可以简单地反映生产中更多数量的频率敏感处理阶段。
To contrast mechanisms of lexical access in production versus comprehension we compared the effects of word-frequency (high, low), context (none, low-constraining, high-constraining), and level of English proficiency (monolinguals, Spanish-English bilinguals, Dutch-English bilinguals), on picture naming, lexical decision, and eye fixation times. Semantic constraint effects were larger in production than in reading. Frequency effects were larger in production than in reading without constraining context, but larger in reading than in production with constraining context. Bilingual disadvantages were modulated by frequency in production but not in eye fixation times, were not smaller in low-constraining context, and were reduced by high-constraining context only in production and only at the lowest level of English proficiency. These results challenge existing accounts of bilingual disadvantages, and reveal fundamentally different processes during lexical access across modalities, entailing a primarily semantically driven search in production, but a frequency driven search in comprehension. The apparently more interactive process in production than comprehension could simply reflect a greater number of frequency-sensitive processing stages in production.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Awad, Malaka;Warren, Jane E.;Wise, Richard J. S.
通讯作者：
Wise, Richard J. S.
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-5371(79)90534-6
发表时间：
1979-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF VERBAL LEARNING AND VERBAL BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
FISCHLER, I;BLOOM, PA
通讯作者：
BLOOM, PA
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.27.6.1430
发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Caramazza, A;Costa, A;Bi, YC
通讯作者：
Bi, YC
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Dijkstra, Ton;van Heuven, Walter J. B.
通讯作者：
van Heuven, Walter J. B.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Almeida, Jorge;Knobel, Mark;Caramazza, Alfonso
通讯作者：
Caramazza, Alfonso