Global-local and trail-making tasks by monolingual and bilingual children: beyond inhibition.
Global-local and trail-making tasks by monolingual and bilingual children: beyond inhibition.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0015466
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发表时间：
2010-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Bialystok, Ellen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bialystok, Ellen
在三个实验中，共有151名单语和双语6岁儿童在语言和认知能力的测量上表现相似，但双语者比单语者更快地解决了全球-本地和线索制作任务。这种双语优势不仅存在于传统上要求苛刻的条件、不一致的全球-本地试验和试验B中，而且存在于通常不被认为要求认知的条件、一致的全球-本地试验和试验A中。所有的孩子都表现出类似的一致性试验时，在一个单一的块或感知简单的刺激被使用，排除组之间的速度差异。结果表明，双语的优势，在处理复杂的刺激任务，需要执行处理组件的冲突解决，包括切换和更新，即使没有抑制出现参与。他们还认为，线索制作和全球-本地任务的简单条件涉及幼儿一定程度的努力处理。最后，双语优势的线索制作任务表明，执行控制的标准化措施的解释需要重新考虑儿童的具体经验，如双语。
In three experiments, a total of 151 monolingual and bilingual 6-year-olds performed similarly on measures of language and cognitive ability but bilinguals solved the global-local and trail-making tasks more rapidly than monolinguals. This bilingual advantage was found not only for the traditionally demanding conditions, incongruent global-local trials and Trails B, but also for the conditions not usually considered to be cognitively demanding, congruent global-local trials and Trails A. All the children performed similarly when congruent trials were presented in a single block or perceptually simple stimuli were used, ruling out speed differences between the groups. The results demonstrate a bilingual advantage in processing complex stimuli in tasks that require executive processing components for conflict resolution, including switching and updating, even when no inhibition appears to be involved. They also suggest that simple conditions of the trail-making and global-local tasks involve some level of effortful processing for young children. Finally, the bilingual advantage in the trail-making task suggests that the interpretation of standardized measures of executive control needs to be reconsidered for children with specific experiences such as bilingualism.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
BHATT, RS;ROVEECOLLIER, C;SHYI, GCW
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Dukette, D;Stiles, J
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.34.2.302
发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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