Comparative studies of gene expression and the evolution of gene regulation.

Comparative studies of gene expression and the evolution of gene regulation.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrg3229
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发表时间:
2012-06-18
期刊:
Nature reviews. Genetics
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其他
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基因调控差异在物种形成和适应中起重要作用的假说已经有40多年的历史了。随着新测序技术的出现,我们能够以前所未有的分辨率和规模表征和研究大量个体和物种的基因表达水平和相关调控机制。因此,我们对形成基因表达水平的进化压力有了新的认识,并对不同调控遗传和表观遗传机制中进化变化的相对重要性有了新的认识。目前的挑战是将基因调控变化与复杂表型的适应性进化联系起来。在这里,我们主要关注灵长类动物的比较研究,以及如何通过模式生物的研究来补充它们。
The hypothesis that differences in gene regulation play an important role in speciation and adaptation is more than 40 years old. With the advent of new sequencing technologies, we are able to characterize and study gene expression levels and associated regulatory mechanisms in a large number of individuals and species at unprecedented resolution and scale. We have thus gained new insights into the evolutionary pressures that shape gene expression levels, as well as developed an appreciation for the relative importance of evolutionary changes in different regulatory genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. The current challenge is to link gene regulatory changes to adaptive evolution of complex phenotypes. Here we mainly focus on comparative studies in primates, and how they are complemented by studies in model organisms.
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