The evolution of flower longevity in unpredictable pollination environments
The evolution of flower longevity in unpredictable pollination environments
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不可预测的授粉环境中花朵寿命的演变
DOI：
10.1111/jeb.13936
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Servedio, Maria R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu, Kuangyi;Servedio, Maria R.
花粉症需要花保持开放足够长的时间，以允许授粉者的到来。然而，维持花卉需要消耗能量和资源。因此，花的寿命，花保持活力的时间长度，对植物繁殖的结果至关重要。虽然以前的研究表明，花寿命的进化取决于花粉沉积和去除的速率，植物是否应该增加或减少花寿命时，授粉环境是不可预测的还没有探索。此外，通常的假设是，应选择不可预测的授粉环境以增加花朵寿命，这可能过于简单化，因为空间和时间变化的影响之间没有区别。采用进化博弈理论，研究了空间异质性、花期内日波动和花期间年波动3种变化类型下的花寿命演化。我们发现，空间异质性往往选择一个较短的花的寿命，而在日常和每年的时间尺度上的健身增长率的时间波动往往有利于更长的寿命，虽然每天和每年的波动有一些不同的影响。然而，女性和男性健身率之间的相关性的存在似乎没有影响花的寿命。我们的工作表明，明确测量的空间和时间变化的女性和男性的功能可能会提供一个更好的理解进化的花寿命和reproduction.AbstractChanges进化稳定的花寿命时，女性和男性的健身增益率下的空间变化，每日和每年的波动。
Pollination requires a flower to remain open for long enough to allow for the arrival of pollinators. However, maintaining flowers costs energy and resources. Therefore, flower longevity, the length of time a flower remains viable, is critical for the outcome of plant reproduction. Although previous studies showed that the evolution of flower longevity depends on the rates of pollen deposition and removal, whether plants should increase or decrease flower life span when the pollination environment is unpredictable has not been explored. Moreover, the common hypothesis that an unpredictable pollination environment should select for increased flower longevity may be too simplistic since there is no distinction drawn between the effects of spatial and temporal variation. Adopting evolutionary game theory, we investigate the evolution of flower longevity under three types of variation: spatial heterogeneity, daily fluctuations within a flowering season and yearly fluctuations between flowering seasons. We find that spatial heterogeneity often selects for a shorter flower lifespan, while temporal fluctuations of fitness accrual rates at both daily and yearly time scales tends to favour greater longevity, although daily and yearly fluctuations have somewhat different effects. However, the presence of correlation between female and male fitness accrual rates seems to have no effect on flower longevity. Our work suggests that explicit measurements of spatial and temporal variation in both female and male functions may provide a better understanding of the evolution of flower longevity and reproduction.AbstractChanges of evolutionarily stable flower longevity when female and male fitness accrual rates are under spatial variation, daily, and yearly fluctations.
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