LRRK2 and neuroinflammation: partners in crime in Parkinson's disease?

LRRK2 and neuroinflammation: partners in crime in Parkinson's disease?
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DOI:
10.1186/1742-2094-11-52
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发表时间:
2014-03-21
影响因子:
9.3
通讯作者:
Greggio E
Greggio E
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Russo I;Bubacco L;Greggio E

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现已证实,慢性炎症是包括帕金森氏病(PD)在内的几种神经退行性疾病的显著特征。越来越多的证据表明,神经炎症可以在很大程度上促进多巴胺能神经元的退化和疾病的进展。最近的文献强调,富含亮氨酸的重复蛋白激酶2(LRRK2)是一种在常染色体显性遗传和散发性帕金森病中突变的激酶,它在不同的病理刺激下调节炎症反应。在这篇综述中,我们概述了LRRK2在小胶质细胞和神经炎症中的功能的研究现状。此外,我们还讨论了在生理和病理条件下,LRRK2在小胶质细胞骨架重塑和囊泡运输中的潜在作用。我们还假设,LRRK2突变可能会使小胶质细胞对促炎状态敏感,这反过来会导致炎症加剧,从而导致神经变性。
It is now well established that chronic inflammation is a prominent feature of several neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Growing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation can contribute greatly to dopaminergic neuron degeneration and progression of the disease. Recent literature highlights that leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a kinase mutated in both autosomal-dominantly inherited and sporadic PD cases, modulates inflammation in response to different pathological stimuli. In this review, we outline the state of the art of LRRK2 functions in microglia cells and in neuroinflammation. Furthermore, we discuss the potential role of LRRK2 in cytoskeleton remodeling and vesicle trafficking in microglia cells under physiological and pathological conditions. We also hypothesize that LRRK2 mutations might sensitize microglia cells toward a pro-inflammatory state, which in turn results in exacerbated inflammation with consequent neurodegeneration.
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