Non-symbolic halving in an Amazonian indigene group.
Non-symbolic halving in an Amazonian indigene group.
复制标题
亚马逊原住民群体的非象征性减半。
DOI：
10.1111/desc.12037
复制
发表时间：
2013-05
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pica P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCrink K;Spelke ES;Dehaene S;Pica P
许多研究都支持近似数字系统（ANS）的存在，婴儿、儿童、成人和非人类动物都使用该系统来生成粗糙的、非符号的数字表示。该系统支持简单的算术运算，如加、减和数量排序。目前的研究测试了亚马逊地区的土著蒙杜鲁库人是否具有更复杂的计算——除法——的直觉。蒙杜鲁库人的语言中没有大数的单词。蒙杜鲁库的孩子们观看了一个视频事件，描述了二分法的分割变换，在这个过程中，成对的物体变成了单个物体，减少了数组的数值大小。然后测试了他们计算其他大数数组的除法变换结果的能力。蒙杜鲁库的孩子即使在控制非数字变量的情况下也能实现这种转变，在第一组测试中，他们的表现高于偶然水平，并且表现出与城市儿童相似的表现，他们可以使用精确的数字单词和周围的符号文化。我们得出结论，减半计算是ANS支持的直观操作套件的一部分。
Much research supports the existence of an Approximate Number System (ANS) that is recruited by infants, children, adults, and non-human animals to generate coarse, non-symbolic representations of number. This system supports simple arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, and ordering of amounts. The current study tests whether an intuition of a more complex calculation, division, exists in an indigene group in the Amazon, the Mundurucu, whose language includes no words for large numbers. Mundurucu children were presented with a video event depicting a division transformation of halving, in which pairs of objects turned into single objects, reducing the array's numerical magnitude. Then they were tested on their ability to calculate the outcome of this division transformation with other large-number arrays. The Mundurucu children effected this transformation even when non-numerical variables were controlled, performed above chance levels on the very first set of test trials, and exhibited performance similar to urban children who had access to precise number words and a surrounding symbolic culture. We conclude that a halving calculation is part of the suite of intuitive operations supported by the ANS.
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影响因子：
2.6
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