Biomarkers of susceptibility: State of the art and implications for occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials.
Biomarkers of susceptibility: State of the art and implications for occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials.
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易感性的生物标志物：艺术状态和对工程纳米材料的职业接触的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.018
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发表时间：
2016-05-15
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Schulte PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iavicoli I;Leso V;Schulte PA
纳米技术的迅速发展和应用预计将导致越来越多的职业接触到纳米材料，而这些材料对健康的影响仍未完全了解。需要进行科学努力，以确定纳米材料的危害，并确定暴露工人的风险和预防性管理战略。在这种情况下，可能面临更大不利影响风险的易感人群的定义可能对风险评估和管理很重要。本综述的目的是对现有文献进行批判性审查，以提供对工作场所接触纳米材料可能影响异质反应的易感性方面的全面概述。在实验研究中，对纳米材料诱导的遗传、遗传毒性和表观遗传改变进行了评估，以确定它们作为易感性决定因素的可能功能。此外，还分析了宿主因素（即年龄、性别和病理状况）的作用，这些因素可能影响纳米材料的毒性动力学和健康影响。总的来说，这篇综述为深入了解纳米材料的作用模式提供了有用的信息，以便识别潜在的敏感、特定的易感性生物标志物，在职业环境中进行验证，并在风险评估过程中进行处理。这篇综述的发现对于指导未来研究更深入地表征纳米材料的易感性，从而确定适当的风险沟通策略也很重要。最终，在工作场所环境中识别和使用易感因素具有需要解决的科学和伦理问题。
Rapid advances and applications in nanotechnology are expected to result in increasing occupational exposure to nano-sized materials whose health impacts are still not completely understood. Scientific efforts are required to identify hazards from nanomaterials and define risks and precautionary management strategies for exposed workers. In this scenario, the definition of susceptible populations, which may be at increased risk of adverse effects may be important for risk assessment and management. The aim of this review is to critically examine available literature to provide a comprehensive overview on susceptibility aspects potentially affecting heterogeneous responses to nanomaterials workplace exposure. Genetic, genotoxic and epigenetic alterations induced by nanomaterials in experimental studies were assessed with respect to their possible function as determinants of susceptibility. Additionally, the role of host factors, i.e. age, gender, and pathological conditions, potentially affecting nanomaterial toxicokinetic and health impacts, were also analysed. Overall, this review provides useful information to obtain insights into the nanomaterial mode of action in order to identify potentially sensitive, specific susceptibility biomarkers to be validated in occupational settings and addressed in risk assessment processes. The findings of this review are also important to guide future research into a deeper characterization of nanomaterial susceptibility in order to define adequate risk communication strategies. Ultimately, identification and use of susceptibility factors in workplace settings has both scientific and ethical issues that need addressing.
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