A contaminant-free assessment of Endogenous Retroviral RNA in human plasma.

A contaminant-free assessment of Endogenous Retroviral RNA in human plasma.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep33598
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发表时间:
2016-09-19
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Magiorkinis G
Magiorkinis G
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Karamitros T;Paraskevis D;Hatzakis A;Psichogiou M;Elefsiniotis I;Hurst T;Geretti AM;Beloukas A;Frater J;Klenerman P;Katzourakis A;Magiorkinis G

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内源性逆转录病毒(ERVs)占人类基因组的6-8%。herv在大多数正常组织中沉默,在干细胞和胎盘中上调,但在癌症和HIV-1感染中也上调。至关重要的是,关于在非细胞临床样本(如血浆)中检测HERV RNA的报道相互矛盾,这表明HERV RNA的研究可能令人生畏。事实上,我们发现在质量保证的临床实验室环境中使用实时PCR可以对低水平的原病毒污染敏感。我们开发了一个低水平污染的数学模型,使我们能够设计一个实验室方案和标准操作程序,用于HERV RNA的稳健测量。我们专注于一个家族,HERV-K HML-2 (HK2),尽管它们在近3000万年前侵入了我们祖先的基因组,但最近才活跃起来。我们在模型细胞培养系统上广泛验证了我们的实验设计,该系统具有高灵敏度和特异性,完全消除了原病毒污染。然后,我们检测了236例感染HIV-1、HCV或HBV患者的血浆样本,发现它们呈阴性。用于人类翻译研究的HERV RNA研究应根据广泛验证的方案和标准操作程序进行,以控制广泛的低水平人类DNA污染。
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) comprise 6–8% of the human genome. HERVs are silenced in most normal tissues, up-regulated in stem cells and in placenta but also in cancer and HIV-1 infection. Crucially, there are conflicting reports on detecting HERV RNA in non-cellular clinical samples such as plasma that suggest the study of HERV RNA can be daunting. Indeed, we find that the use of real-time PCR in a quality assured clinical laboratory setting can be sensitive to low-level proviral contamination. We developed a mathematical model for low-level contamination that allowed us to design a laboratory protocol and standard operating procedures for robust measurement of HERV RNA. We focus on one family, HERV-K HML-2 (HK2) that has been most recently active even though they invaded our ancestral genomes almost 30 millions ago. We extensively validated our experimental design on a model cell culture system showing high sensitivity and specificity, totally eliminating the proviral contamination. We then tested 236 plasma samples from patients infected with HIV-1, HCV or HBV and found them to be negative. The study of HERV RNA for human translational studies should be performed with extensively validated protocols and standard operating procedures to control the widespread low-level human DNA contamination.
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