Pangolin genomes and the evolution of mammalian scales and immunity.
Pangolin genomes and the evolution of mammalian scales and immunity.
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穿山甲基因组与哺乳动物鳞片和免疫的进化
DOI：
10.1101/gr.203521.115
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Wong GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choo SW;Rayko M;Tan TK;Hari R;Komissarov A;Wee WY;Yurchenko AA;Kliver S;Tamazian G;Antunes A;Wilson RK;Warren WC;Koepfli KP;Minx P;Krasheninnikova K;Kotze A;Dalton DL;Vermaak E;Paterson IC;Dobrynin P;Sitam FT;Rovie-Ryan JJ;Johnson WE;Yusoff AM;Luo SJ;Karuppannan KV;Fang G;Zheng D;Gerstein MB;Lipovich L;O'Brien SJ;Wong GJ
穿山甲是一种独特的哺乳动物，身体大部分都有鳞片，没有牙齿，视力差，嗅觉系统灵敏，是唯一没有全基因组图谱的胎盘目（穿山甲目）。为了研究穿山甲的生物学和进化，我们构建了马来亚穿山甲（Manis javanica）和中国穿山甲（M. pentadactyla）的基因组序列。引人注目的是，我们发现干扰素ε (IFNE)只在上皮细胞中表达，在皮肤和粘膜免疫中很重要，在我们研究的所有非洲和亚洲穿山甲物种中都是假原的，可能影响对感染的抵抗力。我们认为鳞片发育是一种创新，可以保护穿山甲免受伤害或压力，并降低其对感染的脆弱性。特异性适应的进一步证据来自于积极选择的基因，包括免疫相关途径、炎症、能量储存和代谢、肌肉和神经系统以及鳞片/毛发发育。穿山甲的嗅觉受体基因家族显著扩大，反映了它们发达的嗅觉系统。该研究为哺乳动物适应和功能多样化提供了新的研究工具和问题，并可能为研究哺乳动物免疫提供新的天然ifne缺陷动物模型。
Pangolins, unique mammals with scales over most of their body, no teeth, poor vision, and an acute olfactory system, comprise the only placental order (Pholidota) without a whole-genome map. To investigate pangolin biology and evolution, we developed genome assemblies of the Malayan (Manis javanica) and Chinese (M. pentadactyla) pangolins. Strikingly, we found that interferon epsilon (IFNE), exclusively expressed in epithelial cells and important in skin and mucosal immunity, is pseudogenized in all African and Asian pangolin species that we examined, perhaps impacting resistance to infection. We propose that scale development was an innovation that provided protection against injuries or stress and reduced pangolin vulnerability to infection. Further evidence of specialized adaptations was evident from positively selected genes involving immunity-related pathways, inflammation, energy storage and metabolism, muscular and nervous systems, and scale/hair development. Olfactory receptor gene families are significantly expanded in pangolins, reflecting their well-developed olfaction system. This study provides insights into mammalian adaptation and functional diversification, new research tools and questions, and perhaps a new natural IFNE-deficient animal model for studying mammalian immunity.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Debbabi, H;Dubarry, M;Tomé, D
通讯作者：
Tomé, D
DOI：
10.1126/science.1233321
发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fung KY;Mangan NE;Cumming H;Horvat JC;Mayall JR;Stifter SA;De Weerd N;Roisman LC;Rossjohn J;Robertson SA;Schjenken JE;Parker B;Gargett CE;Nguyen HP;Carr DJ;Hansbro PM;Hertzog PJ
通讯作者：
Hertzog PJ
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Imanishi, Y;Li, G;Palczewski, K
通讯作者：
Palczewski, K
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Chen, Jiang;Jaeger, Karin;Roop, Dennis R.
通讯作者：
Roop, Dennis R.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Fritz, Susanne A.;Bininda-Emonds, Olaf R. P.;Purvis, Andy
通讯作者：
Purvis, Andy