Tidal amplitude decreases in response to estuarine shrinkage: Tokyo Bay during the Holocene
Tidal amplitude decreases in response to estuarine shrinkage: Tokyo Bay during the Holocene
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河口萎缩导致潮汐幅度减小：全新世东京湾
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecss.2019.05.007
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Saito Yoshiki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Uehara Katsuto;Saito Yoshiki
采用数值模式和新编制的模式水深测量相结合的方法，研究了东京湾近10000年来的潮汐变化，包括今天、20世纪初和4000-10000年前每隔1000年的潮汐变化。在此期间，海平面变化了30多 m，海岸线移动了50-60 公里。20世纪初和4000-9000年前的潮汐比现在的要大；9000-4000年前的海湾环境是中潮，与现代的小潮环境形成对比。7000年前湾头的最大潮位比现在高出72%，1万~9000年前湾口的M2潮流比现在强3倍。当在一个固定的地点比较潮汐时，发现最大的潮汐增强发生在9000年前。通过引入河口收缩的概念和四分之一波长共振理论，可以解释过去9000年来潮汐的减弱。潮汐减弱经历了两个阶段：在9000-7000年前的第一阶段，是由于海平面上升(类型2收缩)，而在第二阶段，海湾长度的减少是原因(类型1收缩)。这些研究成果可应用于其他长达几十公里的细长河口过去潮汐变化和未来潜在潮汐变化的评估。
Tidal changes in Tokyo Bay during the last 10,000 years were investigated by combining a numerical model with newly compiled model bathymetries for the present day, the early 20th century, and every 1000 years from 4000 to 10,000 years ago. Over this time period, sea level has changed by more than 30 m, and the coastline has shifted 50–60 km. Tides during the early 20th century and 4000–9000 years ago were larger than those at present; from 9000 to 4000 years ago, the bay setting was mesotidal, in contrast to the modern microtidal setting. The maximum tidal level at the head of the bay was 72% higher 7000 years ago than at present, and M2tidal currents at the bay mouth from 10,000 to 9000 years ago were three times stronger than those at present. When tides were compared at a fixed location, the greatest tidal enhancement was found to have occurred 9000 years ago. The weakening of tides over the last 9000 years can be explained by introducing the concept of estuarine shrinkage together with quarter-wavelength resonance theory. Tidal weakening occurred in two phases: during the first phase, 9000–7000 years ago, it was due to the rise in sea level (type 2 shrinkage), and during the second phase, a decrease in the length of the bay was responsible (type 1 shrinkage). These findings can be applied to the assessment of both past tidal changes and potential future tidal changes in other elongated estuaries with lengths of several tens of kilometers.
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DOI：
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