Decrypting cryptochrome: revealing the molecular identity of the photoactivation reaction.

Decrypting cryptochrome: revealing the molecular identity of the photoactivation reaction.
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DOI:
10.1021/ja3074819
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发表时间:
2012-10-31
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Schulten K
Schulten K
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Solov'yov IA;Domratcheva T;Moughal Shahi AR;Schulten K

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候鸟飞行数千英里甚至更多,通常没有视觉线索和危险的风,但保持方向。显然,为了达到这个目的,他们使用感光蛋白隐花色素作为强大的导航工具来感知地磁场。隐花色素独特的生物学功能,据推测来自光活化反应,涉及自由基对形成通过电子转移。自由基对,的确,可以作为一个磁罗盘;然而,隐花色素的光反应途径还没有完全解决。为了揭示这一途径和潜在的光化学机制,我们进行了量子化学计算和分子动力学模拟相结合的植物(拟南芥)隐花色素。结果表明,在光激发后,自由基对形成通过质子转移变得稳定,并在时间尺度上衰减回蛋白质的静息状态,从而使蛋白质在原则上充当基于自由基对的磁传感器。我们简要地将我们的研究结果拟南芥隐花色素的光反应途径在动物隐花色素。
Migrating birds fly thousand miles and more, often without visual cues and in treacherous winds, yet keep direction. They employ for this purpose, apparently, as a powerful navigational tool the photoreceptor protein cryptochrome to sense the geomagnetic field. The unique biological function of cryptochrome supposedly arises from a photoactivation reaction involving radical pair formation through electron transfer. Radical pairs, indeed, can act as a magnetic compass; however, the cryptochrome photo-reaction pathway is not fully resolved yet. To reveal this pathway and underlying photochemical mechanisms we carried out a combination of quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations on plant (Arabidopsis thaliana) cryptochrome. The results demonstrate that after photoexcitation a radical pair forms becomes stabilized through proton transfer, and decays back to the protein’s resting state on timescales allowing the protein, in principle, to act as a radical pair-based magnetic sensor. We briefly relate our findings on Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochrome to photo-reaction pathways in animal cryptochromes.
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