Inhibitors of VPS34 and fatty-acid metabolism suppress SARS-CoV-2 replication.

Inhibitors of VPS34 and fatty-acid metabolism suppress SARS-CoV-2 replication.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109479
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发表时间:
2021-08-03
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Basler CF
Basler CF
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Williams CG;Jureka AS;Silvas JA;Nicolini AM;Chvatal SA;Carlson-Stevermer J;Oki J;Holden K;Basler CF

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Coronaviruses rely on host membranes for entry, establishment of replication centers, and egress. Compounds targeting cellular membrane biology and lipid biosynthetic pathways have previously shown promise as antivirals and are actively being pursued as treatments for other conditions. Here, we test small molecule inhibitors that target the PI3 kinase VPS34 or fatty acid metabolism for anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) activity. Our studies determine that compounds targeting VPS34 are potent SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. Mechanistic studies with compounds targeting multiple steps up- and downstream of fatty acid synthase (FASN) identify the importance of triacylglycerol production and protein palmitoylation as requirements for efficient viral RNA synthesis and infectious virus production. Further, FASN knockout results in significantly impaired SARS-CoV-2 replication that can be rescued with fatty acid supplementation. Together, these studies clarify roles for VPS34 and fatty acid metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 replication and identify promising avenues for the development of countermeasures against SARS-CoV-2. Williams et al. employ pharmacological inhibitor and genetic knockout approaches to demonstrate critical roles for the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase VPS34 and fatty acid metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 growth. The data further implicate triacylglycerol production and protein palmitoylation as critical functions related to fatty acid metabolism that are needed by SARS-CoV-2.
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