Stability and dynamics of G-actin: back-door water diffusion and behavior of a subdomain 3/4 loop.

Stability and dynamics of G-actin: back-door water diffusion and behavior of a subdomain 3/4 loop.
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G-肌动蛋白的稳定性和动力学:后门水扩散和子域 3/4 环的行为。

DOI:
10.1016/s0006-3495(97)78098-6
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发表时间:
1997
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Schulten,K
Schulten,K
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wriggers,W;Schulten,K

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已经进行了分子动力学模拟的溶剂化G-肌动蛋白绑定到ADP和ATP,开始与肌动蛋白-DNA酶1复合物的晶体结构,包括在高亲和力的二价阳离子结合位点的Ca 2+或Mg 2+离子。已经发现水分子沿着沿着两条途径进入核苷酸结合位点(磷酸盐附近),即从核苷酸碱基暴露于水的一侧以及从相反侧进入。水通道表明ATP水解的“后门”机制,其中磷酸盐被释放到与核苷酸结合和解结合相反的一侧。模拟还揭示了G-肌动蛋白的倾向,以改变其晶体结构的丝状结构。结构域运动关闭核苷酸裂缝,运动更明显的结合Mg 2+。构象变化被解释为系统对晶体结构中缺少水分子的响应。在模拟中出现的结构,根据核苷酸裂缝分离和蛋白质的回转半径分类,分为两个不同的集群:一个集群的状态,类似于G-肌动蛋白晶体结构,和一个集群的状态与小裂缝分离,并与子域3/4环264-273脱离蛋白质。后一种状态类似于假定的肌动蛋白的丝状结构,其中环连接肌动蛋白丝的两条链。
Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on solvated G-actin bound to ADP and ATP, starting with the crystal structure of the actin-DNase 1 complex, including a Ca2+ or Mg2+ ion at the high-affinity divalent cation-binding site. Water molecules have been found to enter the nucleotide-binding site (phosphate vicinity) along two pathways, from the side where the nucleotide base is exposed to water, as well as from the opposite side. The water channels suggest a "back-door" mechanism for ATP hydrolysis in which the phosphate is released to a side opposite that of nucleotide binding and unbinding. The simulations also reveal a propensity of G-actin to alter its crystallographic structure toward the filamentous structure. Domain movement closes the nucleotide cleft, the movement being more pronounced for bound Mg2+. The conformational change is interpreted as a response of the system to missing water molecules in the crystal structure. The structures arising in the simulations, classified according to nucleotide cleft separation and radius of gyration of the protein, fall into two distinct clusters: a cluster of states that are similar to the G-actin crystal structure, and a cluster of states with small cleft separation and with the subdomain 3/4 loop 264–273 detached from the protein. The latter states resemble the putative filamentous structure of actin, in which the loop connects the two strands of the actin filament.
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