Behavioral Approaches to Study Top-Down Influences on Active Listening.
Behavioral Approaches to Study Top-Down Influences on Active Listening.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2021.666627
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Polley DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clayton KK;Asokan MM;Watanabe Y;Hancock KE;Polley DB
长期以来，解剖学家已经认识到下行皮质投射的巨大网络，但它们对声音处理和听觉引导行为的功能贡献仍然是一个谜。大多数描述听觉皮质系统的努力都是归纳性的；其中的功能是从一些研究中推断出来的，这些研究采用了广泛的方法来操纵各种物种和制剂中下降系统的不同分支。我们在这里重点讨论的另一种方法是，首先建立反映自上而下影响对听觉感知的贡献的听觉引导行为。为此，我们假设听觉皮质系统可能有助于主动倾听行为，其中自下而上声音线索的时间可以从跨模态线索、时间整合或自我发起运动产生的自上而下信号中预测。在这里，我们描述了一个行为框架，用于研究当受试者能够预测即将到来的目标声音的时间时，听觉感知表现是如何增强的。我们的第一个范例，研究了人类和小鼠，报告了在噪声信号检测任务中视觉提示的声音预期的物种特异性差异。在小鼠身上进行的第二个范式揭示了在复杂背景噪音中检测重复目标音调时，时间规律性作为感知分组线索的好处。最后一种行为方法表明，在运动自我启动试验后，当听觉目标在可预测的时间间隔内呈现时，频率识别阈值和知觉灵敏度显着提高。总的来说，这三种行为方法确定了研究自上而下对声音感知的影响的范式，这些影响适用于遗传易感动物的头部固定制剂，在这种情况下，可以以无与伦比的精度监测和操纵下行听觉通路的特定节点。
The massive network of descending corticofugal projections has been long-recognized by anatomists, but their functional contributions to sound processing and auditory-guided behaviors remain a mystery. Most efforts to characterize the auditory corticofugal system have been inductive; wherein function is inferred from a few studies employing a wide range of methods to manipulate varying limbs of the descending system in a variety of species and preparations. An alternative approach, which we focus on here, is to first establish auditory-guided behaviors that reflect the contribution of top-down influences on auditory perception. To this end, we postulate that auditory corticofugal systems may contribute to active listening behaviors in which the timing of bottom-up sound cues can be predicted from top-down signals arising from cross-modal cues, temporal integration, or self-initiated movements. Here, we describe a behavioral framework for investigating how auditory perceptual performance is enhanced when subjects can anticipate the timing of upcoming target sounds. Our first paradigm, studied both in human subjects and mice, reports species-specific differences in visually cued expectation of sound onset in a signal-in-noise detection task. A second paradigm performed in mice reveals the benefits of temporal regularity as a perceptual grouping cue when detecting repeating target tones in complex background noise. A final behavioral approach demonstrates significant improvements in frequency discrimination threshold and perceptual sensitivity when auditory targets are presented at a predictable temporal interval following motor self-initiation of the trial. Collectively, these three behavioral approaches identify paradigms to study top-down influences on sound perception that are amenable to head-fixed preparations in genetically tractable animals, where it is possible to monitor and manipulate particular nodes of the descending auditory pathway with unparalleled precision.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Burgess CP;Lak A;Steinmetz NA;Zatka-Haas P;Bai Reddy C;Jacobs EAK;Linden JF;Paton JJ;Ranson A;Schröder S;Soares S;Wells MJ;Wool LE;Harris KD;Carandini M
通讯作者：
Carandini M
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Calvert, GA;Bullmore, ET;David, AS
通讯作者：
David, AS
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0397-17.2017
发表时间：
2017-06-21
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Homma NY;Happel MFK;Nodal FR;Ohl FW;King AJ;Bajo VM
通讯作者：
Bajo VM
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Agus, Trevor R.;Thorpe, Simon J.;Pressnitzer, Daniel
通讯作者：
Pressnitzer, Daniel
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
DIAMOND, IT;JONES, EG;POWELL, TPS
通讯作者：
POWELL, TPS