Resiliency of on-demand multimodal transit systems during a pandemic.
Resiliency of on-demand multimodal transit systems during a pandemic.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trc.2021.103418
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhang H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Auad R;Dalmeijer K;Riley C;Santanam T;Trasatti A;Van Hentenryck P;Zhang H
于2019冠状病毒病疫情期间，公共交通乘客量大幅减少，导致票价收入大幅减少，导致出现重大预算赤字。此外，由于社交距离要求、清洁和防护设备的额外成本以及车辆清洁的停工时间增加，公共交通机构面临着车辆运力减少的挑战。由于这些资源和预算的限制，许多运输机构已经采取了减少服务时间、路线数量或频率的基本服务计划。本文研究了按需多式联运系统（ODMTS）大流行期间的弹性，ODMTS是新一代的交通系统，它将高频列车和公交车网络与按需班车相结合，以服务于第一和最后一英里，并作为固定网络的馈线。它介绍了亚特兰大市的案例研究，并评估了ODMTS的需求下降和社会距离代表流行病的各个阶段的多种情况。该案例研究依赖于一个优化管道，该管道通过汇集需求估计、网络设计、车队规模和实时调度的方法，提供端到端的ODMTS解决方案。这些方法适用于在多模态环境中工作并满足实际约束。特别是，限制乘客换乘的数量，并引入了一个新的网络设计模型，以避免计算负担来自这个约束。真实的数据从大都会亚特兰大快速交通管理局（玛尔塔）进行案例研究，并与高保真仿真的结果进行评估。该案例研究演示了ODMTS如何在成本、便利性和可访问性方面为各种场景提供弹性解决方案。
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the collapse of the public transit ridership led to significant budget deficits due to dramatic decreases in fare revenues. Additionally, public transit agencies are facing challenges of reduced vehicle capacity due to social distancing requirements, additional costs of cleaning and protective equipment, and increased downtime for vehicle cleaning. Due to these constraints on resources and budgets, many transit agencies have adopted essential service plans with reduced service hours, number of routes, or frequencies. This paper studies the resiliency during a pandemic of On-Demand Multimodal Transit Systems (ODMTS), a new generation of transit systems that combine a network of high-frequency trains and buses with on-demand shuttles to serve the first and last miles and act as feeders to the fixed network. It presents a case study for the city of Atlanta and evaluates ODMTS for multiple scenarios of depressed demand and social distancing representing various stages of the pandemic. The case study relies on an optimization pipeline that provides an end-to-end ODMTS solution by bringing together methods for demand estimation, network design, fleet sizing, and real-time dispatching. These methods are adapted to work in a multimodal setting and to satisfy practical constraints. In particular, a limit is imposed on the number of passenger transfers, and a new network design model is introduced to avoid the computational burden stemming from this constraint. Real data from the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) is used to conduct the case study, and the results are evaluated with a high-fidelity simulation. The case study demonstrates how ODMTS provide a resilient solution in terms of cost, convenience, and accessibility for this wide range of scenarios.
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