Greenhouse gas emissions and land use from confinement dairy farms in the Guanzhong plain of China – using a life cycle assessment approach
Greenhouse gas emissions and land use from confinement dairy farms in the Guanzhong plain of China – using a life cycle assessment approach
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中国关中平原圈养奶牛场的温室气体排放和土地利用——采用生命周期评估方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.11.099
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Wang Xudong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kristensen Troels;Mogensen Lisbeth;Knudsen Marie Trydeman;Wang Xudong
本研究的目的是量化温室气体（GHG）排放和牛奶生产的土地利用，并评估关中平原（中国主要的奶业区）农场层面的潜在缓解方案。采用生命周期评估方法分析了8个不同产奶量、畜群结构和日粮组成的封闭奶牛场的温室气体排放。每千克脂肪和蛋白质校正奶（FPCM）的温室气体排放量为1.31至2.08千克二氧化碳当量。在农场温室气体排放被分配到牛奶、肉类和粪便之后。8个养殖场的肠道甲烷排放、饲料生产排放和粪便管理排放是3个主要的温室气体排放源，分别占总排放量的54% ~ 60%、21% ~ 30%和8% ~ 10%。每公斤FPCM的土地利用面积为1.81 m2，饲料生产贡献最大。随着畜群产奶量和饲料效率的提高，与每千克FPCM产量相关的温室气体排放量下降。敏感性分析表明，温室气体排放受全球变暖潜能值（GWP）的显著影响，与IPCC（2007）和IPCC（1996）相比，基于IPCC (2013) GWP值计算的全球变暖潜能值分别增加了约4%和12%；由于与土地利用变化相关的排放，进口大豆生产的豆粕将显著增加每公斤FPCM的温室气体排放量。降低饲料作物每公顷氮肥用量，提高牛奶产量和畜群结构，以及鼓励农民在作物生产中使用粪肥是有希望的减排策略。由于关中平原奶牛日粮中草的比例较低（平均为14%），用苜蓿干草代替部分精料可以提高产奶量，并减少每公斤FPCM的温室气体排放量。
The objective of this study were to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and land use of milk production and evaluate the potential mitigation options at farm level in the Guanzhong plain, which is the main dairy farming region in China. The life cycle assessment methodology was used to analyse the GHG emissions of eight confinement dairy farms that covered different milk production levels, herd structures and diet compositions. The GHG emission per kg of fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM) ranged from 1.31 to 2.08 kg CO2eq. after farm GHG emissions had been allocated to milk, meat and manure. Enteric methane and emissions related to feed production and manure management were the three major GHG emission sources from the eight farms and contributed 54%–60%, 21%–30% and 8%–10%, respectively, to total emissions. Land use per kg of FPCM was 1.81 m2with the largest contribution from feed production. GHG emissions associated with the production of per kg of FPCM decreased with increasing herd milk productivity and herd feed efficiency. Sensitivity analyses showed that the GHG emissions were significantly affected by metric values of global warming potential (GWP), with increases of about 4% and 12% for the calculation based on the IPCC (2013) GWP values, compared to IPCC (2007) and IPCC (1996) values, respectively; and soybean meal from imported soybeans would increase GHG emissions per kg of FPCM significantly due to the emissions related to land use change. Lowering N-fertilizer use per ha for feed crop production, improving milk productivity and herd structure, and encouraging farmers to use manure for crop production are promising abatement strategies. Due to the low percentage of grass (average 14%) in the diet for dairy cows in the Guanzhong plain, replacing part of the concentrates with alfalfa hay would increase milk productivity and decrease GHG emissions per kg of FPCM.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Gollnow, Sebastian;Lundie, Sven;Rehl, Torsten
通讯作者：
Rehl, Torsten
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
Acta Pratacultural Science
影响因子：
--
作者：
Li Yan-n
通讯作者：
Li Yan-n
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wang Zhao
通讯作者：
Wang Zhao
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Knudsen, Marie Trydeman;Qiao, Yu-Hui;Halberg, Niels
通讯作者：
Halberg, Niels
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
L. Mogensen;T. Kristensen;T. L. T. Nguyen-T.-L.-T.-Nguyen-47523653;M. T. Knudsen;J. Hermansen
通讯作者：
L. Mogensen;T. Kristensen;T. L. T. Nguyen-T.-L.-T.-Nguyen-47523653;M. T. Knudsen;J. Hermansen