Architecture and assembly mechanism of native glycine receptors.

Architecture and assembly mechanism of native glycine receptors.
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天然甘氨酸受体的结构和装配机理。

DOI:
10.1038/s41586-021-04022-z
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发表时间:
2021-11
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Gouaux E
Gouaux E
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhu H;Gouaux E

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甘氨酸受体 (GlyR) 是五聚体“半胱环”受体,可形成氯离子渗透通道并在整个中枢神经系统中介导快速抑制信号传导。在脊髓和脑干中,GlyR 调节运动并在突变时导致运动障碍。然而,尽管进行了广泛的研究,但天然 GlyR 的化学计量及其组装机​​制仍不清楚。在这里,我们报告了来自猪脊髓和脑干的天然 GlyR 的近原子分辨率结构,首次揭示了对异聚受体及其 4 个 α 亚基:1 个 β 亚基的主要化学计量的结构见解。在异聚五聚体中,β(+)/α(-)界面采用与α(+)/α(-)和α(+)/β(-)界面不同的结构。此外,β亚基具有独特的苯丙氨酸残基,该残基存在于孔内并破坏典型的印防己毒素位点。这些结果解释了为什么β亚基的包含会破坏受体对称性并改变离子通道药理学。我们还发现了不完整的受体复合物,并通过阐明其结构,首次揭示了部分组装的α三聚体和α四聚体的结构。
Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are pentameric, ‘Cys-loop’ receptors that form chloride-permeable channels and mediate fast inhibitory signaling throughout the central nervous system. In the spinal cord and brainstem, GlyRs regulate locomotion and cause movement disorders when mutated. However, the stoichiometry of native GlyRs and the mechanism by which they are assembled remain unclear, despite extensive investigation. Here we report near-atomic resolution structures of native GlyRs from porcine spinal cord and brainstem, revealing the first structural insight into heteromeric receptors and their predominant stoichiometry of 4 α subunits:1 β subunit. Within the heteromeric pentamer, the β(+)/α(−) interface adopts a structure that is distinct from the α(+)/α(−) and α(+)/β(−) interfaces. Furthermore, the β subunit harbors a unique phenylalanine residue that resides within the pore and disrupts the canonical picrotoxin site. These results explain why inclusion of the β subunit breaks receptor symmetry and alters ion channel pharmacology. We also find incomplete receptor complexes and, by elucidating their structures, reveal the architectures of partially assembled α trimers and α tetramers for the first time.
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