Inhibition of kinesin-5 improves regeneration of injured axons by a novel microtubule-based mechanism.

Inhibition of kinesin-5 improves regeneration of injured axons by a novel microtubule-based mechanism.
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DOI:
10.4103/1673-5374.158351
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发表时间:
2015-06
影响因子:
6.1
通讯作者:
Matamoros AJ
Matamoros AJ
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baas PW;Matamoros AJ

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微管已被确定为增强中枢神经系统受损成人轴突再生的强大靶标。稳定微管的药物已显示出一些希望,但有人担心,异常稳定的微管对再生的益处可能有限,同时可能不利于微管对轴突的正常工作。驱动蛋白-5(也称为 kif11 或 Eg5)是一种分子运动蛋白,因其在有丝分裂中的关键作用而闻名,它对轴突中其他运动蛋白的微管运动起到制动作用。抑制驱动蛋白 5 的药物最初是为了治疗癌症而开发的,可导致轴突中微管的更大的活动性以及微管阵列上的力的整体变化。结果,轴突生长得更快,收缩更少,并且更容易进入抑制轴突再生的环境。因此,抑制驱动蛋白-5 的药物提供了一种新的基于微管的方法来促进轴突再生,而无需担心微管阵列的异常稳定性。即便如此,抑制驱动蛋白 5 也有其自身的警告,例如再生轴突导航至目标的潜在问题,以及对树突的形态影响,如果药物到达大脑,可能会影响学习和记忆。
Microtubules have been identified as a powerful target for augmenting regeneration of injured adult axons in the central nervous system. Drugs that stabilize microtubules have shown some promise, but there are concerns that abnormally stabilizing microtubules may have only limited benefits for regeneration, while at the same time may be detrimental to the normal work that microtubules perform for the axon. Kinesin-5 (also called kif11 or Eg5), a molecular motor protein best known for its crucial role in mitosis, acts as a brake on microtubule movements by other motor proteins in the axon. Drugs that inhibit kinesin-5, originally developed to treat cancer, result in greater mobility of microtubules in the axon and an overall shift in the forces on the microtubule array. As a result, the axon grows faster, retracts less, and more readily enters environments that are inhibitory to axonal regeneration. Thus, drugs that inhibit kinesin-5 offer a novel microtubule-based means to boost axonal regeneration without the concerns that accompany abnormal stabilization of the microtubule array. Even so, inhibiting kinesin-5 is not without its own caveats, such as potential problems with navigation of the regenerating axon to its target, as well as morphological effects on dendrites that could affect learning and memory if the drugs reach the brain.
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