Role of PatS and cell type on the heterocyst spacing pattern in a filamentous branching cyanobacterium.
Role of PatS and cell type on the heterocyst spacing pattern in a filamentous branching cyanobacterium.
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DOI：
10.1093/femsle/fnx154
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发表时间：
2017-08-15
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Nürnberg DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Antonaru LA;Nürnberg DJ
细胞分化是多细胞生物的标志之一。末端专门的固氮细胞，称为异形胞，在超过2Gya的丝状蓝藻中进化。在鱼腥藻(Anabaena sp.)等模式生物中，已经对它们的间距模式的发展进行了彻底的研究。PCC：7120。本文主要研究更复杂的分枝蓝藻--片状乳杆菌(Stigonematales)。与之前发表的相反，在层状分枝杆菌中存在异胞间距模式，但它随培养年限和细胞形态的不同而不同。年轻狭窄毛状体中的异形胞排列较宽(∼14.8个细胞)，而老毛较宽(∼9.4个细胞)。生化和转基因实验表明，杂胞体的间距模式受到杂胞体抑制剂PATS的影响。五肽RGSGR(PATS-5)的添加及其在鱼腥藻中的高效表达在缺氮条件下，条斑分枝杆菌PCC-7120导致异形胞分化丧失。生物信息学研究表明，蓝藻中推测的PATS序列具有高度的多样性，并分为两个主要分支。这两种物质都存在于大多数分枝蓝藻中。尽管其更复杂的分枝表型，但Laminosus似乎使用基于PATS的途径进行异胞分化，这是鱼腥藻/发菜共有的特性。在丝状分枝蓝藻Mastigocladus laminosus中，异形胞的间隔模式是规则的，但因细胞类型而异，并取决于控制细胞分化的蛋白质PATS。
Cell differentiation is one of the marks of multicellular organisms. Terminally specialised nitrogen-fixing cells, termed heterocysts, evolved in filamentous cyanobacteria more than 2 Gya. The development of their spacing pattern has been thoroughly investigated in model organisms such as Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. This paper focuses on the more complex, branching cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus (Stigonematales). Contrary to what has been previously published, a heterocyst spacing pattern is present in M. laminosus but it varies with the age of the culture and the morphology of the cells. Heterocysts in young, narrow trichomes were more widely spaced (∼14.8 cells) than those in old, wide trichomes (∼9.4 cells). Biochemical and transgenic experiments reveal that the heterocyst spacing pattern is affected by the heterocyst inhibitor PatS. Addition of the pentapeptide RGSGR (PatS-5) to the growth medium and overexpression of patS from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 in M. laminosus resulted in the loss of heterocyst differentiation under nitrogen deprivation. Bioinformatics investigations indicated that putative PatS sequences within cyanobacteria are highly diverse, and fall into two main clades. Both are present in most branching cyanobacteria. Despite its more complex, branching phenotype, M. laminosus appears to use a PatS-based pathway for heterocyst differentiation, a property shared by Anabaena/Nostoc. In the filamentous branching cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus, the heterocyst spacing pattern is regular but cell-type specific, and depends on PatS, the protein that controls cell differentiation.
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