The Field Experience as a Potential Barrier to Underrepresented Minority Student Participation in Ecological Sciences

The Field Experience as a Potential Barrier to Underrepresented Minority Student Participation in Ecological Sciences
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实地经验是少数族裔学生参与生态科学的潜在障碍

DOI:
10.1002/bes2.1928
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Roberts, Nina S.
Roberts, Nina S.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Whipple, Sarah;Bowser, Gillian;Harvey, Richard;Roberts, Nina S.

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现场经验成为许多学习者(即学生)在环境科学的关键时刻(Lertzman 2002)。第一次介绍给一个学生的领域设置可以从引导徒步旅行,学生被介绍给一个地区的植物群和动物群,或作为一个团队在课堂外的项目;这可以提供强大的动力,鼓励学生继续探索环境科学在他们的学术旅程(泰勒2018年,哈利韦尔和鲍泽2019年,哈利韦尔等2020)。然而,实地经验也可能使学习者失去动力,或劝阻来自代表性不足的少数民族(URM)的学习者,他们有时会报告说感到孤立,并对继续从事生态科学感到沮丧(Haynes和Jacobson 2015,汉森et al. 2018,Morales et al. 2020,鲍泽和Cid 2021)。一些因素,从实地经验的学生士气低落,包括经济负担,缺乏以往的经验,以及缺乏种族/民族多样性的环境科学。代表性不足是在这里定义的背景下,美国国家科学基金会(NSF)的妇女,少数民族和残疾人在科学的年度报告,并确定非洲裔美国人,西班牙裔美国人,美洲原住民和太平洋岛民在科学学科中的代表性不足,与他们在美国人口中的代表性成比例(NSF 2019)。
Field experiences become pivotal moments for many learners (ie, students) in the environmental sciences (Lertzman 2002). The first introduction to a field setting for a student can range from a guided hike where students are introduced to the flora and fauna of an area, or as a team on a project outside the classroom; this can provide powerful motivators that encourage students to continue exploring the environmental sciences during their academic journey (Taylor 2018, Halliwell and Bowser 2019, Halliwell et al. 2020). However, field experiences can also demotivate, or dissuade learners from underrepresented minorities (URM) who, at times, have reported feeling isolated and discouraged from continuing in the ecological sciences (Haynes and Jacobson 2015, Hansen et al. 2018, Morales et al. 2020, Bowser and Cid 2021). Some factors that demotivate students from field experiences include financial burdens, lack of previous experience, and lack of racial/ethnic diversity within the environmental sciences. Underrepresentation is defined here in context with the National Science Foundation (NSF) annual report on Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in the Sciences and identifies African American, Hispanic American, Native American, and Pacific Islanders as underrepresented in science disciplines in proportion to their representation in the US population (NSF 2019).
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