Innate immune and inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2: Implications for COVID-19.

Innate immune and inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2: Implications for COVID-19.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.chom.2021.05.004
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发表时间:
2021-07-14
影响因子:
30.3
通讯作者:
Perlman S
Perlman S
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lowery SA;Sariol A;Perlman S

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新冠病毒(COVID - 19)可导致严重疾病,其特征是显著的免疫病理学改变,这种改变是由过度但失调的先天性免疫反应以及不良的适应性反应所激发。有限且延迟的I型干扰素(IFN - I)和III型干扰素(IFN - III)反应导致促炎细胞因子产生加剧以及呼吸道中大量细胞浸润,从而导致肺部病变。针对重症新冠患者开发有效疗法取决于我们对这种失衡的先天性免疫反应病理因素的理解。在此,我们综述了新冠病毒(SARS - CoV - 2)在感染后激活和拮抗干扰素及炎症反应的机制,失调的细胞因子和细胞反应如何导致新冠病毒(COVID - 19)中免疫介导的病理改变,以及针对先天性免疫反应要素的治疗策略。 洛厄里等人综述了新冠病毒(SARS - CoV - 2)在感染后激活和拮抗干扰素及炎症反应的机制,失调的细胞因子和细胞反应如何导致新冠病毒(COVID - 19)中免疫介导的病理改变,以及针对先天性免疫反应要素的治疗策略。
COVID-19 can result in severe disease characterized by significant immunopathology that is spurred by an exuberant, yet dysregulated, innate immune response with a poor adaptive response. A limited and delayed interferon I (IFN-I) and IFN-III response results in exacerbated proinflammatory cytokine production and in extensive cellular infiltrates in the respiratory tract, resulting in lung pathology. The development of effective therapeutics for patients with severe COVID-19 depends on our understanding of the pathological elements of this unbalanced innate immune response. Here, we review the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 both activates and antagonizes the IFN and inflammatory response following infection, how a dysregulated cytokine and cellular response contributes to immune-mediated pathology in COVID-19, and therapeutic strategies that target elements of the innate response. Lowery et al. review the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 activates and antagonizes the interferon and inflammatory response following infection, how a dysregulated cytokine and cellular response contributes to immune-mediated pathology in COVID-19, and therapeutic strategies that target elements of the innate response.
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