Proximal nephron.
Proximal nephron.
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DOI：
10.1002/cphy.c110061
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发表时间：
2013-07
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Li XC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhuo JL;Li XC
肾脏通过其肾单位的近端和远端管状段的作用在维持体内盐和液体平衡以及血压稳态中起着基本作用。然而，近端小管被公认比远端小管发挥更突出的作用。近端小管负责重吸收约65%的过滤负荷和大多数（如果不是全部）过滤的氨基酸、葡萄糖、溶质和低分子量蛋白质。近端小管也通过重吸收约80%的过滤的碳酸氢盐在调节酸碱平衡中发挥关键作用。这篇综述文章的目的是提供一个全面的概述新的见解和观点到目前的理解肾单位近端小管，重点是超微结构，分子生物学，细胞和整合生理学，以及潜在的信号转导机制。审查分为三个密切相关的部分。第一部分着重于肾单位的分类和肾单位数量在人类健康和疾病中的潜在作用的最新观点。第二部分回顾了近端肾小管功能的结构和生化基础的最新研究。最后一节提供了一个全面的概述，新的见解和观点，在生理调节近端肾小管运输的血管活性激素。在后一节中，特别注意的是新的见解和观点，从最近的克隆转运，开发转基因动物敲除或敲入特定的基因的利益，和映射的信号通路，使用微阵列和/或生理蛋白质组学方法。
The kidney plays a fundamental role in maintaining body salt and fluid balance and blood pressure homeostasis through the actions of its proximal and distal tubular segments of nephrons. However, proximal tubules are well recognized to exert a more prominent role than distal counterparts. Proximal tubules are responsible for reabsorbing approximately 65% of filtered load and most, if not all, of filtered amino acids, glucose, solutes, and low molecular weight proteins. Proximal tubules also play a key role in regulating acid-base balance by reabsorbing approximately 80% of filtered bicarbonate. The purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of new insights and perspectives into current understanding of proximal tubules of nephrons, with an emphasis on the ultrastructure, molecular biology, cellular and integrative physiology, and the underlying signaling transduction mechanisms. The review is divided into three closely related sections. The first section focuses on the classification of nephrons and recent perspectives on the potential role of nephron numbers in human health and diseases. The second section reviews recent research on the structural and biochemical basis of proximal tubular function. The final section provides a comprehensive overview of new insights and perspectives in the physiological regulation of proximal tubular transport by vasoactive hormones. In the latter section, attention is particularly paid to new insights and perspectives learnt from recent cloning of transporters, development of transgenic animals with knockout or knockin of a particular gene of interest, and mapping of signaling pathways using microarrays and/or physiological proteomic approaches.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Baird, NR;Orlowski, J;Shull, GE
通讯作者：
Shull, GE
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07233.x
发表时间：
2003-01-01
期刊：
NA,K-ATPASE AND RELATED CATION PUMPS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Aizman, O;Aperia, A
通讯作者：
Aperia, A
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Albrecht, FE;Drago, J;Jose, PA
通讯作者：
Jose, PA
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Asico, LD;Ladines, C;Jose, PA
通讯作者：
Jose, PA
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
ARAI, H;HORI, S;NAKANISHI, S
通讯作者：
NAKANISHI, S