At which spatial and temporal scales can fungi indicate habitat connectivity?
At which spatial and temporal scales can fungi indicate habitat connectivity?
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真菌可以在哪些空间和时间尺度上表明栖息地的连通性？
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.03.062
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
B. Nordén
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jenni Nordén;J. Åström;T. Josefsson;S. Blumentrath;O. Ovaskainen;A. Sverdrup‐Thygeson;B. Nordén
栖息地在空间和时间上的隔离影响着全球和众多生态系统中的物种。然而，从焦点物种的角度评估隔离程度通常很困难。指示物种通常用于评估栖息地的“保护价值”。其中一种方法涉及使用木材腐烂真菌物种作为近天然森林、古老森林特征随时间的连续性和/或红色名录物种的存在的指标，但不是空间连通性的指标。指示物种通常是根据专家意见指定的，但很少对这些物种的实际指示进行科学评估。基于之前对挪威云杉木材腐烂真菌指示物种的分类，我们假设指示物种与非指示物种的不同之处在于它们对局部时间连通性（森林年龄、历史选择性采伐的强度和分解良好的大原木的存在）以及局部和景观尺度空间连通性（局部森林面积、局部枯木量以及与周围景观中老森林的连通性）的反应不同。基于分布在斯堪的纳维亚半岛 28 个地点的固定数量云杉原木的真菌发生数据，我们探索了当地社区受连通性影响的时空尺度。指示物种对100km内的老森林（≥80年）的连通性表现出最强的响应，而非指示物种则依赖于较小空间尺度（≤25km）的年轻森林（≥40年）的连通性。随着当地林龄的增加，指示物种的总丰度增加，非指示物种的总丰度减少。除枯木量相对较少的地点外，景观规模的原始森林连通性对所有地点的指示物种都是有利的，而非指示物种则表现出相反的模式。我们确定了云杉原木数量大约 29m3ha−1 的阈值，其中指示物种变得足够丰富，足以通过竞争相互作用影响非指示物种。每个物种组内的连通性反应都存在明显的一致性。我们的结论是，所研究的指示物种表明森林年龄高，资源量高，并且鉴于资源丰富，古老森林的连通性也很高，但它们并不表明没有任何伐木作业或当地枯木连续性的悠久历史。所研究的非指示物种并未表明任何所研究的时空连通性变量。指示物种通常被列入红色名录，如果不采取栖息地恢复措施，未来数量可能会继续减少。
Isolation of habitats in space and time affects species globally and in a multitude of ecosystems. It is however often difficult to assess the level of isolation from the point of view of the focal species. Indicator species are often used to assess ‘conservation value’ of habitats. One such approach involves the use of wood-decaying fungal species as indicators of near-natural forests, continuity in old-forest characteristics over time, and/or presence of red-listed species, but not of spatial connectivity. The indicator species were commonly assigned based on expert opinions, but few scientific evaluations have been performed of what these species actually indicate. Building on previous classifications of wood-decaying fungal indicator species on Norway spruce, we hypothesized that indicator species would differ from non-indicator species in how they respond to local temporal connectivity (forest age, the intensity of historical selective logging and the presence of well-decomposed large logs), and to local and landscape-scale spatial connectivity (local forest area, local amount of deadwood and the connectivity to old forest in the surrounding landscape). Based on fungal occurrence data from a fixed number of spruce logs at 28 sites distributed across the Scandinavian Peninsula, we explored the spatiotemporal scales at which the local communities were affected by connectivity. Indicator species showed the strongest response to connectivity of old forest (≥80 years) within 100 km, while non-indicator species depended on connectivity of younger forest (≥40 years) at a smaller spatial scale (≤25 km). Indicator species increased and non-indicator species decreased in total abundance with the increasing age of the local forest stand. Landscape-scale old-forest connectivity was beneficial for indicator species in all sites except those with relatively low amount of deadwood, while non-indicator species showed the opposite pattern. We identify a threshold of around 29 m3ha−1in the amount of spruce logs where indicator species become abundant enough to influence non-indicator species through competitive interactions. There was a pronounced uniformity within each species group in the connectivity responses. We conclude that the studied indicator species indicate high forest age, high amount of resources and, given that the resources are plentiful, also high old-forest connectivity, but they do not indicate a long history without any logging operations or local deadwood continuity. The studied non-indicator species did not indicate any of the studied spatiotemporal connectivity variables. Indicator species are usually red-listed and may continue to decline in the future without habitat restoration efforts.
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Haddad NM;Brudvig LA;Clobert J;Davies KF;Gonzalez A;Holt RD;Lovejoy TE;Sexton JO;Austin MP;Collins CD;Cook WM;Damschen EI;Ewers RM;Foster BL;Jenkins CN;King AJ;Laurance WF;Levey DJ;Margules CR;Melbourne BA;Nicholls AO;Orrock JL;Song DX;Townshend JR
通讯作者：
Townshend JR
希尔伯特空间上有限生成群的等距作用和性质 (T)
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Atsuhiro Nakamoto;Shoichi Tsuchiya;O. Imanuvilov and M. Yamamoto;近藤剛史
通讯作者：
近藤剛史