Life Course Risks or Cumulative Disadvantage? The Structuring Effect of Social Stratification Determinants and Life Course Events on Poverty Transitions in Europe

Life Course Risks or Cumulative Disadvantage? The Structuring Effect of Social Stratification Determinants and Life Course Events on Poverty Transitions in Europe
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生命历程风险还是累积劣势?

DOI:
10.1093/esr/jcq005
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Vandecasteele L
Vandecasteele L
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vandecasteele L

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本文的目的是评估的重要性,生活事件的角度来看,贫困与传统的社会分层的方法。最近,贫穷往往被视为与某些生活事件有关的一种生命过程风险,较少受到社会地位特征的影响。本文的实证部分探讨了生命历程视角和社会分层框架对理解贫困风险的重要性。所问的问题是,危险的生活事件是否对所有社会分层群体都有同样的贫困触发效应,或者在关键的生活转型期,累积的不利因素是否普遍存在。根据欧洲共同体住户小组调查的随机效应事件历史分析得出的结论表明,对贫穷的结构性和传记性解释并不相互对立,而是相辅相成,它们的相互作用提供了有趣的见解。结果表明,最脆弱的社会群体更容易受到生育等生命阶段引发贫困的影响。另一方面,失业是一个更普遍的贫困触发因素,大大增加了每个人陷入贫困的风险。此外,解除伴侣关系对所有教育水平和所有社会阶层的人都有引发贫困的影响。与以前的研究一致,我们发现,伙伴关系的解散对妇女进入贫困的风险影响更大。
The aim of this article is to assess the importance of a life event perspective on poverty in relation to the traditional social stratification approach. Lately, poverty has often been seen as a life course risk associated with certain life events and less influenced by characteristics of social position. The empirical part of this article explores the importance of the life course perspective as well as the social stratification framework for the understanding of the poverty risk. The question asked is whether risky life events have the same poverty-triggering effect for all social stratification groups or whether processes of cumulative disadvantage prevail at crucial life transitions. The findings, based on random effects event history analyses of the European Community Household Panel Survey, show that structural and biographical explanations of poverty do not present themselves as opposites, but they rather complement each other and their interactions provide interesting insights. The results show that the most vulnerable social groups are more affected by the poverty-triggering effect of a life stage like childbirth. On the other hand, job loss is a more general poverty trigger, substantially increasing everyone's poverty entry risk. Also partnership dissolution has a poverty triggering effect for people of all educational levels and all social classes. In line with previous research, we found that partnership dissolution affects the poverty entry risk of women more strongly.
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