SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 suppresses the antiviral innate immune response by degrading MAVS through mitophagy.

SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 suppresses the antiviral innate immune response by degrading MAVS through mitophagy.
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SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 通过线粒体自噬降解 MAVS 来抑制抗病毒先天免疫反应

DOI:
10.1038/s41423-021-00807-4
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发表时间:
2022-01
影响因子:
24.1
通讯作者:
He H
He H
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li X;Hou P;Ma W;Wang X;Wang H;Yu Z;Chang H;Wang T;Jin S;Wang X;Wang W;Zhao Y;Zhao Y;Xu C;Ma X;Gao Y;He H

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由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)引起的2019年全球冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行已造成严重的人类发病率和死亡率。了解病毒基因的功能是当务之急。然而,SARS-CoV-2唯一表达的开放阅读框10 (ORF10)的功能尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们发现过表达ORF10显著抑制I型干扰素(IFN-I)基因和ifn刺激基因的表达。然后,我们确定了线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白(MAVS)是ORF10抑制IFN-I信号通路的靶点,并发现MAVS通过ORF10诱导的自噬途径被降解。此外,ORF10的过表达促进了线粒体中LC3的积累,诱导了线粒体自噬。机制上,ORF10通过与线粒体自噬受体nip3样蛋白X (NIX)相互作用而易位至线粒体,并通过与NIX和LC3B相互作用诱导线粒体自噬。此外,敲低NIX表达阻断了线粒体自噬激活、MAVS降解和ORF10对IFN-I信号通路的抑制。与我们的观察结果一致,在SARS-CoV-2感染的情况下,ORF10抑制MAVS表达并促进病毒复制。简而言之,我们的研究结果揭示了SARS-CoV-2抑制先天免疫反应的新机制;也就是说,ORF10通过结合NIX诱导有丝分裂介导的MAVS降解。
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused severe morbidity and mortality in humans. It is urgent to understand the function of viral genes. However, the function of open reading frame 10 (ORF10), which is uniquely expressed by SARS-CoV-2, remains unclear. In this study, we showed that overexpression of ORF10 markedly suppressed the expression of type I interferon (IFN-I) genes and IFN-stimulated genes. Then, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) was identified as the target via which ORF10 suppresses the IFN-I signaling pathway, and MAVS was found to be degraded through the ORF10-induced autophagy pathway. Furthermore, overexpression of ORF10 promoted the accumulation of LC3 in mitochondria and induced mitophagy. Mechanistically, ORF10 was translocated to mitochondria by interacting with the mitophagy receptor Nip3-like protein X (NIX) and induced mitophagy through its interaction with both NIX and LC3B. Moreover, knockdown of NIX expression blocked mitophagy activation, MAVS degradation, and IFN-I signaling pathway inhibition by ORF10. Consistent with our observations, in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, ORF10 inhibited MAVS expression and facilitated viral replication. In brief, our results reveal a novel mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 inhibits the innate immune response; that is, ORF10 induces mitophagy-mediated MAVS degradation by binding to NIX.
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.603509
发表时间: 2020
影响因子: 5.2
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影响因子: 24.1
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