The vulnerability of the elderly to hurricane hazards in Sarasota, Florida
The vulnerability of the elderly to hurricane hazards in Sarasota, Florida
复制标题
佛罗里达州萨拉索塔老年人对飓风灾害的脆弱性
作者：
Chongming Wang;Brent Yarnal
尽管人们普遍认为老年人特别容易受到自然灾害的影响，但沿海社区的老年人口仍在持续增长。由于几乎没有专门针对沿海社区弱势老年人的实证灾害研究，本文以佛罗里达州萨拉索塔县为案例研究，分析老年人对飓风灾害的脆弱性以及是否所有老年人都同样脆弱。为了探索该人群脆弱性程度和构成的空间变化，该分析绘制了飓风、风暴潮淹没和降水引发洪水的物理暴露程度，并通过对地理信息系统中的人口普查区块组数据应用主成分分析来创建社会脆弱性指数。结果表明，障壁岛的老年居民面临着飓风引发的风暴潮和洪水带来的相当大的人身威胁，但由于他们的财富，他们在社会上的脆弱性较小；生活在内陆的老年人虽然身体上的脆弱性要小得多，但也比较贫穷，因此表现出高度的社会经济敏感性和对这些飓风灾害的适应能力有限。该论文的结论是，老年人的脆弱性并不相同：有许多不同类型的老年人生活在许多不同的地点，他们的脆弱性因类型和空间的不同而不同。有效的减少脆弱性措施应考虑到老年人口之间的这些差异。
Although the elderly are commonly thought to be disproportionately vulnerable to natural hazards, the elderly populations of coastal communities are continuing to grow. Because there is little to no empirical hazards work specifically addressing the vulnerable elderly in coastal communities, this paper uses Sarasota County, Florida, as a case study to analyze how vulnerable the elderly are to hurricane hazards and whether all elderly people are equally vulnerable. To explore the spatial variations in degree and composition of vulnerability among this population, the analysis maps physical exposure to hurricane storm-surge inundation and precipitation-induced flooding and creates social vulnerability indices by applying principal components analysis to census block group data in a geographic information system. The results show that elderly inhabitants of barrier islands face a considerable physical threat from hurricane-induced storm surge and flooding but are less socially vulnerable because of their wealth; the elderly living inland are far less physically vulnerable but are poorer and consequently demonstrate high socioeconomic sensitivity and limited adaptive capacity to these hurricane hazards. The paper concludes that the elderly are not equally vulnerable: there are many different types of elderly living in many different locations, and their vulnerability varies by type and over space. Effective vulnerability reduction measures should account for these differences between the elderly populations.
影响因子：
5
作者：
HOUSE, JS;LEPKOWSKI, JM;HERZOG, AR
通讯作者：
HERZOG, AR
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Seplaki, CL;Goldman, N;Lin, YH
通讯作者：
Lin, YH