Highly Efficient CRISPR-Mediated Base Editing in Sinorhizobium meliloti.

Highly Efficient CRISPR-Mediated Base Editing in Sinorhizobium meliloti.
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苜蓿中华根瘤菌中高效 CRISPR 介导的碱基编辑

DOI:
10.3389/fmicb.2021.686008
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Duanmu D
Duanmu D
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang L;Xiao Y;Wei X;Pan J;Duanmu D

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根瘤菌是广泛分布于土壤中的革兰氏阴性细菌,是豆科植物不可或缺的共生伙伴,是自然界中最高效的生物固氮菌。虽然苜蓿中华根瘤菌的遗传研究已经推进了我们对共生固氮(SNF)的理解,但目前用于苜蓿中华根瘤菌遗传操作的方法是费时费力的。在这项研究中,我们报告了利用CRISPR/Cas9系统和各种脱氨酶的一些精确基因修饰工具的开发。通过将Cas9切口酶与腺嘌呤脱氨酶融合,我们开发了一种腺嘌呤碱基编辑器(ABE)系统,该系统在一个核苷酸分辨率下促进腺嘌呤到鸟嘌呤的转变,而不形成双链断裂(DSB)。我们还设计了一个胞苷碱基编辑器(CBE)和一个鸟嘌呤碱基编辑器(GBE),通过用胞苷脱氨酶和其他辅助酶取代腺嘌呤脱氨酶,分别催化胞苷到胸腺嘧啶的取代和胞苷到鸟嘌呤的颠换。所有这些碱基编辑器都适用于使用Golden Gate Assembly组装多个合成指导RNA(sgRNA)盒,以同时实现多基因突变或破坏。这些CRISPR介导的碱基编辑工具将加速根瘤菌的功能基因组学研究和基因组操作。
Rhizobia are widespread gram-negative soil bacteria and indispensable symbiotic partners of leguminous plants that facilitate the most highly efficient biological nitrogen fixation in nature. Although genetic studies in Sinorhizobium meliloti have advanced our understanding of symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF), the current methods used for genetic manipulations in Sinorhizobium meliloti are time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, we report the development of a few precise gene modification tools that utilize the CRISPR/Cas9 system and various deaminases. By fusing the Cas9 nickase to an adenine deaminase, we developed an adenine base editor (ABE) system that facilitated adenine-to-guanine transitions at one-nucleotide resolution without forming double-strand breaks (DSB). We also engineered a cytidine base editor (CBE) and a guanine base editor (GBE) that catalyze cytidine-to-thymine substitutions and cytidine-to-guanine transversions, respectively, by replacing adenine deaminase with cytidine deaminase and other auxiliary enzymes. All of these base editors are amenable to the assembly of multiple synthetic guide RNA (sgRNA) cassettes using Golden Gate Assembly to simultaneously achieve multigene mutations or disruptions. These CRISPR-mediated base editing tools will accelerate the functional genomics study and genome manipulation of rhizobia.
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