Automating Learning Situations in EdTech: Techno-Commercial Logic of Assetisation

Automating Learning Situations in EdTech: Techno-Commercial Logic of Assetisation
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教育科技中的自动化学习情境:资产化的技术商业逻辑

DOI:
10.1007/s42438-022-00359-4
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Postdigital Science and Education
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hansen M
Hansen M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hansen M

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批判性学术研究已经表明,自动化过程可能存在问题,例如,它会重现社会不平等而不是消除它们,或者需要教育机构工作人员进行大量劳动而不是减轻工作量。尽管存在这些批评,教育领域的自动化干预仍在快速扩张,而且往往对此类过程的技术和商业特殊性的审查有限。我们在现有辩论的基础上提出这样的问题:学习情境的自动化是否有助于教育科技的资产化过程?如果是,又是如何促进的?根据文件分析和对教育科技公司员工的采访,我们认为自动化干预使资产化成为可能。我们通过分析如何通过构建数字对象使学习情境变得有形,以及如何通过特定的计算干预将其自动化,从而追踪他们的技术商业逻辑。我们确定了三个资产化过程:首先,数字对象与学生和教职员工的疏远加深了公司对提供自动化学习干预的数字服务的控制。其次,参与拜物教——即将参与视为自动化学习情境的目标和手段——重视特定形式的自动化。最后,技术决定论信念推动投资和政策进入已确定的自动化形式,使高等教育和教育科技参与者表现得“好像”学习自动化是可行的。
Critical scholarship has already shown how automation processes may be problematic, for example, by reproducing social inequalities instead of removing them or requiring intense labour from education institutions’ staff instead of easing the workload. Despite these critiques, automated interventions in education are expanding fast and often with limited scrutiny of the technological and commercial specificities of such processes. We build on existing debates by asking: does automation of learning situations contribute to assetisation processes in EdTech, and if so, how? Drawing on document analysis and interviews with EdTech companies’ employees, we argue that automated interventions make assetisation possible. We trace their techno-commercial logic by analysing how learning situations are made tangible by constructing digital objects, and how they are automated through specific computational interventions. We identify three assetisation processes: First, the alienation of digital objects from students and staff deepens the companies’ control of digital services offering automated learning interventions. Second, engagement fetishism—i.e., treating engagement as both the goal and means of automated learning situations—valorises particular forms of automation. And finally, techno-deterministic beliefs drive investment and policy into identified forms of automation, making higher education and EdTech constituents act ‘as if’ the automation of learning is feasible.
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