Urbanization of grasslands in the Denver area affects streamflow responses to rainfall events
Urbanization of grasslands in the Denver area affects streamflow responses to rainfall events
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丹佛地区草原的城市化影响径流对降雨事件的响应
DOI：
10.1002/hyp.14720
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Hopkins, Kristina G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wilson, Stacy;Bhaskar, Aditi S.;Choat, Benjamin;Kampf, Stephanie;Green, Timothy R.;Hopkins, Kristina G.
彻底了解城市化如何影响河流水文学，对于有效和可持续的水管理至关重要，特别是在快速城市化的地区。这项研究综合分析了科罗拉多州丹佛市半干旱地区从乡村到城市的径流对降雨事件的响应变化。我们使用了8个 年4月至10月的瞬时径流数据，21个流域的面积从0.8到90 km2，不透水面积从1%到47%不等。根据这些数据，我们应用半自动方法识别了总共2877个径流响应，分析了基于事件的峰值流量、径流深度、径流与降雨率、峰顶时间、径流响应持续时间和降雨响应数量等指标。我们还确定了是否可以通过降雨量阈值来预测径流响应。具有10%不透水覆盖率的流域产生径流响应所需的降雨量阈值为1-2 mm/小时，而不透水表面覆盖率低于10%的流域的降水量阈值为4-36 mm/小时。在更不透水的流域中，这种较低的降水阈值导致了更频繁的径流响应。平均而言，在地表覆盖度较高的流域，径流响应持续时间较短，峰值流量较高。与其他地区相比，径流深度、径流雨量比和达到峰值的时间要么结果不一，要么与不透水没有显著差异。径流对降雨事件响应的这些变化表明，在半干旱地区，城市发展改变了溪流对降雨事件的响应方式。这项工作指出，必须在当地适应雨水管理，以减轻城市化进程中径流变化的影响。
A thorough understanding of how urbanization affects stream hydrology is crucial for effective and sustainable water management, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of changes in streamflow response to rainfall events across a rural to urban gradient in the semi‐arid area of Denver, Colorado. We used 8 years of April to October instantaneous streamflow data in 21 watersheds ranging in size from 0.8 to 90 km2and with impervious areas ranging from 1% to 47%. With these data, we applied a semi‐automated method to identify a total of 2877 streamflow responses, which were analysed for event‐based metrics of peak flow, runoff depth, runoff to rainfall ratio, time to peak, duration and number of streamflow responses to rainfall events. We also determined whether streamflow responses could be predicted by a precipitation threshold. Watersheds with >10% impervious cover had a precipitation threshold of 1–2 mm/hr needed to produce a streamflow response, compared to thresholds of 4–36 mm/hr for watersheds with less than 10% impervious surface cover. This lower precipitation threshold in more impervious watersheds led to more frequent streamflow responses. On average, streamflow responses had shorter duration and higher peak flows in watersheds with more impervious surface cover. In contrast to other regions, runoff depth, runoff to rainfall ratio and time to peak either gave mixed results or did not vary significantly with imperviousness. These alterations in streamflow response to rainfall events indicate the specific ways that urban development changes how streams respond to rain events in a semi‐arid setting. This work points to the need for local adaptation of stormwater management to mitigate the effects of streamflow changes with urbanization.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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