Validity and reliability of GPS and LPS for measuring distances covered and sprint mechanical properties in team sports.
Validity and reliability of GPS and LPS for measuring distances covered and sprint mechanical properties in team sports.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0192708
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Freiwald J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoppe MW;Baumgart C;Polglaze T;Freiwald J
本研究旨在探讨全球（GPS）和局部（LPS）定位系统在团队运动中测量距离和冲刺力学性能的有效性和可靠性。在这里，我们评估了两种最近发布的18 Hz GPS和20 Hz LPS技术以及一种已建立的10 Hz GPS技术。6名男性运动员（年龄：27±2岁；最大摄氧量：48.8±4.7 ml/min/kg）在室外进行了10次团队运动专用电路试验，该电路配备了双光计时门。环路包括不同的步行、慢跑和短跑部分，这些部分要么在直线上进行，要么在改变方向时进行。在巡回比赛中，运动员佩戴了每个定位系统的两个设备。根据报告和过滤的速度数据，计算所跑距离和冲刺力学性能（即理论最大水平速度、力和功率输出）。采用质心逆动力学方法对短跑力学特性进行了建模。通过典型估计误差（TEE）比较测量数据和标准数据来确定效度，而通过变异系数（CV）比较每种技术的两个设备（即设备间可靠性）来检验信度。测量误差引起的异常值在统计上被识别，并从效度和信度分析中排除。在确定奔跑距离（TEE: 1.6 ~ 8.0%, CV: 1.1 ~ 5.1%）和短跑力学性能（TEE: 4.5 ~ 14.3%, CV: 3.1 ~ 7.5%）方面，18 Hz GPS的效度和信度均优于10 Hz GPS （TEE: 3.0 ~ 12.9%, CV: 2.5 ~ 13.0%和TEE: 4.1 ~ 23.1%, CV: 3.3 ~ 20.0%）。然而，20 Hz LPS总体上表现出更好的效度和信度（TEE: 1.0-6.0%; CV: 0.7-5.0%; TEE: 2.1-9.2%; CV: 1.6-7.3%）。在10 Hz GPS、18 Hz GPS和20 Hz LPS下，由于测量误差造成的数据集相对损失分别为10.0%、20.0%和15.8%。本研究表明，与10 Hz GPS相比，18 Hz GPS在确定团队运动模式方面具有更高的效度和信度，而20 Hz LPS总体上具有更高的效度和信度。然而，与10 Hz GPS相比，18 Hz GPS和20 Hz LPS技术由于测量误差而存在更多的异常值，这限制了它们在此时的实际应用。
This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of global (GPS) and local (LPS) positioning systems for measuring distances covered and sprint mechanical properties in team sports. Here, we evaluated two recently released 18 Hz GPS and 20 Hz LPS technologies together with one established 10 Hz GPS technology. Six male athletes (age: 27±2 years; VO2max: 48.8±4.7 ml/min/kg) performed outdoors on 10 trials of a team sport-specific circuit that was equipped with double-light timing gates. The circuit included various walking, jogging, and sprinting sections that were performed either in straight-lines or with changes of direction. During the circuit, athletes wore two devices of each positioning system. From the reported and filtered velocity data, the distances covered and sprint mechanical properties (i.e., the theoretical maximal horizontal velocity, force, and power output) were computed. The sprint mechanical properties were modeled via an inverse dynamic approach applied to the center of mass. The validity was determined by comparing the measured and criterion data via the typical error of estimate (TEE), whereas the reliability was examined by comparing the two devices of each technology (i.e., the between-device reliability) via the coefficient of variation (CV). Outliers due to measurement errors were statistically identified and excluded from validity and reliability analyses. The 18 Hz GPS showed better validity and reliability for determining the distances covered (TEE: 1.6–8.0%; CV: 1.1–5.1%) and sprint mechanical properties (TEE: 4.5–14.3%; CV: 3.1–7.5%) than the 10 Hz GPS (TEE: 3.0–12.9%; CV: 2.5–13.0% and TEE: 4.1–23.1%; CV: 3.3–20.0%). However, the 20 Hz LPS demonstrated superior validity and reliability overall (TEE: 1.0–6.0%; CV: 0.7–5.0% and TEE: 2.1–9.2%; CV: 1.6–7.3%). For the 10 Hz GPS, 18 Hz GPS, and 20 Hz LPS, the relative loss of data sets due to measurement errors was 10.0%, 20.0%, and 15.8%, respectively. This study shows that 18 Hz GPS has enhanced validity and reliability for determining movement patterns in team sports compared to 10 Hz GPS, whereas 20 Hz LPS had superior validity and reliability overall. However, compared to 10 Hz GPS, 18 Hz GPS and 20 Hz LPS technologies had more outliers due to measurement errors, which limits their practical applications at this time.
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