Empirical test on the relative climatic sensitivity between individuals of narrowly and broadly distributed species
Empirical test on the relative climatic sensitivity between individuals of narrowly and broadly distributed species
复制标题
窄分布物种和宽分布物种个体之间相对气候敏感性的实证检验
DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.1227
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
M. Schwartz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iara Lacher;M. Schwartz
气候变化已经影响到全球生态，加剧了人类造成的生物多样性丧失，可能造成破坏性后果。解决气候变化对保护的影响的第一步是更好地了解物种将如何以及在多大程度上受到影响。地理分布范围较小的物种通常被认为面临着最高的灭绝风险。然而，物种脆弱性的估计往往是基于对气候耐受性的简化假设，通常是通过使用将平均空间或时间气候值与物种分布联系起来的模型得出的。模型估计的气候容忍度可以通过纳入更精细的空间或时间分辨率和/或额外的分布限制因素，如扩散，栖息地连接，物种相互作用。然而，潜在的假设，物种水平的气候反映个人的容忍度可能会扭曲脆弱性估计过高或低估。我们使用经验得出的健身反应规范的生物量和种子荚计数，以估计个人的广泛分布（BD）和狭窄分布（ND）的物种在温度和水分梯度的相对敏感性。温度和水处理基于当地气候站数据和IPCC对气候变化的预测。在适合度反应规范的基础上，我们推断相对脆弱性来检验ND物种比BD物种相对更容易受到气候变化影响的假设。研究物种包括BD Mimulus guttatus和Clarkia purpurea以及ND Mimulus nudatus和Clarkia gracilis ssp.特蕾西与裸沙蚕（ND）相比，斑沙蚕（BD）个体的生物量响应对温度的敏感性显著高于裸沙蚕（ND），而种荚数响应对水分和温度的敏感性显著高于裸沙蚕（ND）。相反，与C. purpurea（BD）相比，C. gracilis ssp. tracyi（ND）的个人表现出生物量和种荚数的反应，显着更敏感的温度。此外，我们测量了两种Clarkia物种对温度升高的意外积极反应。我们的研究结果支持了这样一种观点，即当在局部范围内进行检查时，物种地理分布的大小并不一定与气候变化脆弱性相关。
Climate change is already influencing global ecology, exacerbating human-induced biodiversity loss with potentially devastating results. A first step to addressing climate change impacts on conservation is to better understand how and to what extent species will be affected. Species with smaller geographic distributions are commonly perceived to be at highest risk of extinction. However, estimates of species vulnerability are frequently based on simplifying assumptions regarding climatic tolerance, usually arrived at through the use of models that associate mean spatial or temporal climate values with species distributions. Model estimated climatic tolerances may be improved by incorporating either finer spatial or temporal resolutions and/or additional distribution-limiting factors like dispersal, habitat connectivity, and species interactions. However, the underlying assumption that species-level climatic reflect individual tolerances can skew vulnerability estimates toward over-or underestimation. We use empirically derived fitness reaction norms of biomass and seed pod count to estimate the relative sensitivity of individuals of broadly distributed (BD) and narrowly distributed (ND) species across temperature and water gradients. Temperature and water treatments were based on local climate station data and IPCC projections of climatic change. On the basis of fitness reaction norms, we infer relative vulnerability to examine the assumption that ND species are relatively more vulnerable to climatic change than BD species. Study species included the BD Mimulus guttatus and Clarkia purpurea and the ND Mimulus nudatus and Clarkia gracilis ssp. tracyi. Compared to M. nudatus (ND), individuals of M. guttatus (BD) exhibited biomass responses that were significantly more sensitive to temperature and seed pod count responses that were significantly more sensitive to water and temperature. Conversely, compared to C. purpurea (BD), C. gracilis ssp. tracyi (ND) individuals exhibited biomass and seed pod count responses that were significantly more sensitive to temperature. In addition, we measured unexpected positive responses from both Clarkia species to increases in temperature. Our results support the idea that, when examined at a local scale, the size of a species' geographic distribution does not necessarily correlate to climate change vulnerability.
影响因子：
2
作者：
Atkins, K. E.;Travis, J. M. J.
通讯作者：
Travis, J. M. J.