Late-Holocene hydroclimate inferences for the northern Great Basin from Little Lake, Elko County, Nevada, USA
Late-Holocene hydroclimate inferences for the northern Great Basin from Little Lake, Elko County, Nevada, USA
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美国内华达州埃尔科县小湖对大盆地北部全新世晚期水文气候的推断
DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106497
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Munroe, Jeffrey S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munroe, Jeffrey S.
在美国内华达州东北部的独立谷的地面上，存在着长500-800米、宽50-80米、高5米的突出的新月形沙丘。这些沙丘与圆形干盐湖的下风边缘接壤，该干盐湖位于东洪堡山脉（East Humboldt Mountains）下游的排水系统末端，该排水系统终止于一个名为小湖（Little Lake）的短暂水体。腹足类贝壳从小湖普拉亚产量的放射性碳年龄为10400卡年BP后，硬水效应校正。一个类似的年龄获得了壳从顶部的一个弦月。更深的沉积物在这个弦月产生壳年龄聚类约600卡尔年BP。这一模式表明小湖有两段相对持久的水，这两段水都以湖泊干涸和沉积物和贝壳向邻近的新月形物的收缩而结束。壳从另一个新月形的波峰产生的放射性碳年龄在3800和1750卡年BP。因此，这座沙丘相当古老，积累了更长的时间。使用全球地表水探测器，在1984年至2018年期间，在大部分可用的夏季图像中，小湖都含有水。这些年份形成三个集群：1984-1987年，1997-2000年和2017-2018年。雪水当量（SWE）是在山区较大，雪占全年总降水量的百分比更大，帕尔默干旱严重程度指数是更积极的，在这一地区，在水存在于小湖与那些在该湖仍然干燥。PDO的值在小湖蓄水的年份也较高。虽然小湖的水文可能会影响到一个未知的程度，上游引水，这种整体格局意味着湖泊及其相关的弦月是一个敏感的记录晚全新世水文气候变化的北方大盆地。
Prominent lunette dunes 500–800 m long, 50–80 m wide, and up to 5 m tall are present on the floor of the Independence Valley in northeast Nevada, USA. These dunes border the downwind margins of circular playas at the end of a drainage descending from the East Humboldt Mountains, which terminates in an ephemeral water body named Little Lake. Gastropod shells from the Little Lake playa yield radiocarbon ages of ∼400 cal yr BP, after correction for a hard-water effect. A similar age was obtained for shells from the crest of one of the lunettes. Deeper sediment in this lunette yielded shell ages clustering around 600 cal yr BP. This pattern suggests two intervals of relatively persistent water at Little Lake, both of which ended with lake desiccation and deflation of sediment and shells to the adjacent lunette. Shells from the crest of another lunette yielded radiocarbon ages between 3800 and 1750 cal yr BP. This dune, therefore, is considerably older and accumulated over a much longer stretch of time. Using the Global Surface Water Explorer, years between 1984 and 2018 were identified in which Little Lake contained water in most of the available summer imagery. These years form three clusters: 1984–1987, 1997–2000, and 2017–2018. Snow water equivalent (SWE) is greater in the mountains, snow makes up a greater percent of total annual precipitation, and Palmer Drought Severity Index is more positive in this region, in years when water is present in Little Lake compared with those in which the lake remains dry. Values of the PDO are also higher in years when Little Lake holds water. Although the hydrology of Little Lake may be influenced to an unknown degree by upstream water diversions, this overall pattern implies that the lake and its associated lunettes are a sensitive recorder of late Holocene hydroclimate variability in the northern Great Basin.
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