Country Life: Agricultural Technologies and the Emergence of New Rural Subjectivities

Country Life: Agricultural Technologies and the Emergence of New Rural Subjectivities
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乡村生活:农业技术与新农村主体性的出现

DOI:
10.1111/gec3.12217
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
L. Holloway
L. Holloway
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Christopher Bear;L. Holloway

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农村地区长期以来一直是技术试验、发展和抵抗的空间。在英国,这一点在二战后生产主义粮食制度盛行的时代尤其如此,其特点是向集约化发展。已经开发的各种技术旨在提高产量,自动化以前的手工任务,并创造新的生活形式。本文主要讨论了农业技术与农村生活的关系。虽然媒体相当重视通过新兴的遗传技术对新的农村生活进行物质改造和创造,但该审查强调了技术在共同产生新的农村主体性方面的作用。它通过探索农业技术与性别之间的关系,改变理解和干预动物生活的方法,以及自动化如何转移农场生产工作的责任来实现这一目标。在这些例子中,即使是表面上平凡的技术也会对农民、农场顾问或农场动物的生活产生重大影响。然而,这篇评论对技术决定论提出了警告,它借鉴了《科学与技术研究》(Science and Technology Studies)最近的研究成果,表明技术不仅仅是重新配置生活,而且它们本身也被与之相关的行动者和活动所改变。文章最后提出了未来研究的方向。
Rural areas have long been spaces of technological experimentation, development and resistance. In the UK, this is especially true in the post-second world war era of productivist food regimes, characterised by moves to intensification. The technologies that have developed have variously aimed to increase yields, automate previously manual tasks, and create new forms of life. This review focuses on the relationships between agricultural technologies and rural lives. While there has been considerable media emphasis on the material modification, and creation, of new rural lives through emerging genetic technologies, the review highlights the role of technologies in co-producing new rural subjectivities. It does this through exploring relationships between agricultural technologies and gender, changing approaches to understanding and intervening in animal lives, and how automation shifts responsibility for productive work on farms. In each of these instances, even ostensibly mundane technologies can significantly affect what it is to be a farmer, a farm advisor or a farm animal. However, the review cautions against technological determinism, drawing on recent work from Science and Technology Studies to show that technologies do not simply reconfigure lives but are themselves transformed by the actors and activities with which they are connected. The review ends by suggesting avenues for future research.
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