Reprogrammed tracrRNAs enable repurposing of RNAs as crRNAs and sequence-specific RNA biosensors.

Reprogrammed tracrRNAs enable repurposing of RNAs as crRNAs and sequence-specific RNA biosensors.
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重编程的tracrRNA能够将RNA再利用为crRNA和序列特异性RNA生物传感器。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-29604-x
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发表时间:
2022-04-11
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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在II型CRISPR系统中,指导RNA(gRNA)包含CRISPR RNA(crRNA)和杂交的反式作用CRISPR RNA(tracrRNA),两者在指导DNA靶向功能中是必需的。尽管tracrRNA在II型CRISPR系统中的序列和结构是多样的,但Cas9的crRNA-tracrRNA杂交的可编程性尚未完全理解。在这里,我们揭示了化脓性链球菌Cas9的crRNA-tracrRNA杂交的可编程性,并在此过程中重新定义了Cas9蛋白的功能和crRNA的来源,为II型CRISPR系统提供了新的生物传感应用。通过重新编程crRNA-tracrRNA杂交序列,我们表明工程化的crRNA-tracrRNA相互作用不仅可以实现正交细胞计算设备的设计,而且还可以促进内源性小RNA/mRNA作为crRNA的劫持。随后,我们描述了这些重新设计的gRNA配对如何可以实现为RNA传感器,能够监测各种环境响应基因组基因的转录活性,或在体外检测SARS-CoV-2 RNA,作为非典型gRNA激活的转录停止警报(AGATHA)生物传感器。在II型CRISPR系统中,指导RNA(gRNA)包含CRISPR RNA(crRNA)和杂交的反式作用CRISPR RNA(tracrRNA),两者在指导DNA靶向功能中是必需的。在这里,作者研究了Cas9的crRNA-tracrRNA杂交的可编程性,并将其应用于生物传感。
In type II CRISPR systems, the guide RNA (gRNA) comprises a CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and a hybridized trans-acting CRISPR RNA (tracrRNA), both being essential in guided DNA targeting functions. Although tracrRNAs are diverse in sequence and structure across type II CRISPR systems, the programmability of crRNA-tracrRNA hybridization for Cas9 is not fully understood. Here, we reveal the programmability of crRNA-tracrRNA hybridization for Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9, and in doing so, redefine the capabilities of Cas9 proteins and the sources of crRNAs, providing new biosensing applications for type II CRISPR systems. By reprogramming the crRNA-tracrRNA hybridized sequence, we show that engineered crRNA-tracrRNA interactions can not only enable the design of orthogonal cellular computing devices but also facilitate the hijacking of endogenous small RNAs/mRNAs as crRNAs. We subsequently describe how these re-engineered gRNA pairings can be implemented as RNA sensors, capable of monitoring the transcriptional activity of various environment-responsive genomic genes, or detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA in vitro, as an Atypical gRNA-activated Transcription Halting Alarm (AGATHA) biosensor. In type II CRISPR systems, the guide RNA (gRNA) comprises a CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and a hybridized trans-acting CRISPR RNA (tracrRNA), both being essential in guided DNA targeting functions. Here the authors investigate the programmability of crRNA-tracrRNA hybridization for Cas9 and apply this to biosensing.
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