Developmental field theory and observations--accidental progress?

Developmental field theory and observations--accidental progress?
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发展场理论和观察——偶然的进步?

DOI:
10.1002/ajmg.1320250602
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发表时间:
1986
期刊:
American journal of medical genetics. Supplement
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
J. Opitz
J. Opitz
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
J. Opitz

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赫伯特·斯宾塞(1820-1903)在《社会静力学》(1850)中说:“因此,进步不是偶然的,而是必然的.这是大自然的一部分”。在发展场理论和临床实践方面是否取得了进展?人们很想说是的,因为最近加拿大医学遗传学学院要求笔试考生定义“发育领域”。当一个领域的进展明显缓慢而感到沮丧时,具有历史头脑的人很可能会伸手去拿书架上早期的知识公式。因此,Oscar Hertwig的Lehrbuch der Entwickelungsgeschichte des Menschen und der Wirbelthiere(人类和脊椎动物胚胎学教科书[1896],首次出版正好是100年前)第5版在第4章“发育原理的一般讨论”中只讨论了胚胎学事件和推断的机制,而没有尝试发展理论。他总结了当时的“经典”知识:因此,对生物体个体发育的研究主要涉及两个方面;一个是形态发生的研究,另一个是生物学的研究。组织学分化。我们可以立即补充说,在高等生物中,形态发生主要发生在发育的开始阶段,组织分化发生在发育的后期。了解这些指导原则将使人们更容易理解其他发展过程。
In “Social Statics”[1850], Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) said “Progress, therefore, is not an accident, but a necessity... It is a part of nature.” Has progress been made in developmental field theory and clinical practice? One is tempted to say yes, knowing that recently the Canadian College of Medical Genetics asked the candidates for the written examination to define “developmental field.” When frustrated with apparently slow progress in a field, the historically minded are liable to reach for the earlier formulations of knowledge on their shelves. Thus, the 5th edition of Oscar Hertwig’s Lehrbuch der Entwickelungsgeschichte des Menschen und der Wirbelthiere (Textbook of Embryology of Man and Vertebrates [1896], first published exactly 100 years ago), in Chapter 4,“General Discussion of Developmental Principles,” addresses only embryologic events and inferred mechanisms without attempting a developmental theory. He summarizes “classical” knowledge up to that time:Thus, study of the ontogeny of an organism involves primarily two aspects; one is the study of morphogenesis, the other... of histologic differentiation. We may add immediately that in higher organisms morphogenesis take place primarily in the beginning stges, histologic differentiation in the later stages (Endstadien) of development. Knowledge of these guiding principles will make it much easier to understand the other developmental processes.
DOI: 10.1126/science.6606851
发表时间: 1984-01-01
期刊: SCIENCE
影响因子: 56.9
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发表时间: 1986
期刊: American journal of medical genetics. Supplement
影响因子: --
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发表时间: 1986
期刊: American journal of medical genetics. Supplement
影响因子: --
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