Lysosomal Functions in Glia Associated with Neurodegeneration.

Lysosomal Functions in Glia Associated with Neurodegeneration.
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DOI:
10.3390/biom11030400
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发表时间:
2021-03-09
期刊:
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Shin D
Shin D
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kreher C;Favret J;Maulik M;Shin D

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溶酶体是含有各种酸性消化酶的细胞器。尽管它们的体积很小,但它们有多种功能。溶酶体去除或回收不需要的细胞部分。它们通过胞吐作用修复受损的细胞膜。溶酶体也感知细胞能量状态并向细胞核传递信号。神经胶质细胞是神经系统中的非神经元细胞,对神经元的稳态支持起着积极的作用。为了响应动态信号,神经胶质细胞通过溶酶体途径分泌和摄取调节分子,从而影响邻近神经元的生理。因此,胶质溶酶体的功能失常可引发神经元变性。在这里,我们回顾了溶酶体在少突胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞中的功能,重点是神经变性。
Lysosomes are cellular organelles that contain various acidic digestive enzymes. Despite their small size, they have multiple functions. Lysosomes remove or recycle unnecessary cell parts. They repair damaged cellular membranes by exocytosis. Lysosomes also sense cellular energy status and transmit signals to the nucleus. Glial cells are non-neuronal cells in the nervous system and have an active role in homeostatic support for neurons. In response to dynamic cues, glia use lysosomal pathways for the secretion and uptake of regulatory molecules, which affect the physiology of neighboring neurons. Therefore, functional aberration of glial lysosomes can trigger neuronal degeneration. Here, we review lysosomal functions in oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia, with emphasis on neurodegeneration.
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