The Sensing Liver: Localization and Ligands for Hepatic Murine Olfactory and Taste Receptors.

The Sensing Liver: Localization and Ligands for Hepatic Murine Olfactory and Taste Receptors.
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DOI:
10.3389/fphys.2020.574082
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Shepard BD
Shepard BD
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kurtz R;Steinberg LG;Betcher M;Fowler D;Shepard BD

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感觉受体,包括嗅觉受体(ORs)、味觉受体(TRs)和视蛋白(Opns),最近已在多种非感觉组织中发现,其中它们具有不同的生理功能。作为G蛋白偶联受体(GPCRs),这些蛋白可以作为重要的化学传感器,通过感知和解释环境中的化学信号。我们推断,肝脏是体内最大的代谢器官,它已经准备好利用这些感觉受体中的一些来感知和调节血液含量和代谢。在这项研究中,我们报告了新的肝脏感觉受体的表达-包括7个OR,6个苦味TR和1个Opn -通过系统的分子生物学筛选方法鉴定。我们进一步确定了这些受体中的几种在肝细胞(肝脏的实质细胞)内表达。最后,我们发现了几个激动剂的以前孤儿肝OR。这些化合物分为两类:甲基吡嗪和单萜。特别是,后一种化学品是植物和真菌衍生的化合物,具有已知的肝脏保护作用。总的来说,这项研究揭示了肝脏的化学感受功能,并揭示了肝脏稳态的潜在重要调节因子。
Sensory receptors, including olfactory receptors (ORs), taste receptors (TRs), and opsins (Opns) have recently been found in a variety of non-sensory tissues where they have distinct physiological functions. As G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), these proteins can serve as important chemosensors by sensing and interpreting chemical cues in the environment. We reasoned that the liver, the largest metabolic organ in the body, is primed to take advantage of some of these sensory receptors in order to sense and regulate blood content and metabolism. In this study, we report the expression of novel hepatic sensory receptors – including 7 ORs, 6 bitter TRs, and 1 Opn – identified through a systematic molecular biology screening approach. We further determined that several of these receptors are expressed within hepatocytes, the parenchymal cells of the liver. Finally, we uncovered several agonists of the previously orphaned hepatic ORs. These compounds fall under two classes: methylpyrazines and monoterpenes. In particular, the latter chemicals are plant and fungal-derived compounds with known hepatic protective effects. Collectively, this study sheds light on the chemosensory functions of the liver and unveils potentially important regulators of hepatic homeostasis.
气道平滑肌上的苦味受体通过局部钙信号传导和反向阻塞来支气管扩张。
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