New criteria for the molecular identification of cereal grains associated with archaeological artefacts.
New criteria for the molecular identification of cereal grains associated with archaeological artefacts.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-06390-x
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发表时间：
2017-07-26
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Craig OE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colonese AC;Hendy J;Lucquin A;Speller CF;Collins MJ;Carrer F;Gubler R;Kühn M;Fischer R;Craig OE
谷物的驯化和传播是早期农业最基本的组成部分之一，但关于它们在早期烹饪实践和经济中使用的直接证据仍然令人沮丧地难以捉摸。利用对一个保存完好的早期青铜时代瑞士木制容器的分析，我们提出了鉴定谷物残留物的新标准。利用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)，我们鉴定了通常与植物产品相关的化合物，包括一系列仅在小麦和黑麦麸皮中发现的可察觉浓度的酚类脂类(烷基间苯二酚)。这些脂肪作为谷物生物标志物的价值得到了沉积物中嵌入的大型植物遗骸以及从残渣中提取的小麦和黑麦胚乳多肽的独立证实。这些发现证明了基于脂质的小麦和黑麦麸皮生物标记物的实用性，并为未来更广泛的考古学背景的研究提供了一个方法学模板。烷基间苯二酚为残留分析提供了一种新的工具，可以帮助探索谷物的传播和开发，谷物是农业出现和传播的基本组成部分。
The domestication and transmission of cereals is one of the most fundamental components of early farming, but direct evidence of their use in early culinary practices and economies has remained frustratingly elusive. Using analysis of a well-preserved Early Bronze Age wooden container from Switzerland, we propose novel criteria for the identification of cereal residues. Using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we identified compounds typically associated with plant products, including a series of phenolic lipids (alkylresorcinols) found only at appreciable concentration in wheat and rye bran. The value of these lipids as cereal grain biomarkers were independently corroborated by the presence of macrobotanical remains embedded in the deposit, and wheat and rye endosperm peptides extracted from residue. These findings demonstrate the utility of a lipid-based biomarker for wheat and rye bran and offer a methodological template for future investigations of wider range of archaeological contexts. Alkylresorcinols provide a new tool for residue analysis which can help explore the spread and exploitation of cereal grains, a fundamental component of the advent and spread of farming.
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影响因子：
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作者：
Madella, M.;Jones, M. K.;Moore, M.
通讯作者：
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