Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines.
Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines.
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DOI：
10.3390/vaccines9111262
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发表时间：
2021-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Holst PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boilesen DR;Nielsen KN;Holst PJ
人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染是全世界大多数宫颈癌和头颈癌的病因。尽管预防性疫苗和宫颈癌筛查项目已经显示出预防hpv相关宫颈癌的有效性，但宫颈癌仍然是发病率和死亡率的主要原因，特别是在第三世界国家。此外，由人乳头瘤病毒感染引起的头颈癌病例和相关死亡率正在增加。需要更好的治疗方法是明确的，治疗性疫苗产生针对HPV蛋白的细胞毒性T细胞是一种很有前途的策略。这篇综述涵盖了HPV治疗性疫苗在临床开发中的现状，并讨论了设计未来HPV治疗性疫苗和临床试验的相关考虑因素，如HPV蛋白表达模式、免疫原性以及与HPV相关病变和癌症的不同阶段和类型有关的衰竭。最后，虽然目前临床测试的大多数HPV治疗性疫苗靶向两种HPV癌蛋白E6和E7，但我们建议在未来的HPV治疗性疫苗中需要包括更多的HPV抗原以提高疗效，并发现特别是E1和E2可能是有希望的新靶点。
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of the majority of cervical cancers and head and neck cancers worldwide. Although prophylactic vaccines and cervical cancer screening programs have shown efficacy in preventing HPV-associated cervical cancer, cervical cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in third world countries. Furthermore, head and neck cancer cases caused by HPV infection and associated mortality are increasing. The need for better therapy is clear, and therapeutic vaccination generating cytotoxic T cells against HPV proteins is a promising strategy. This review covers the current scene of HPV therapeutic vaccines in clinical development and discusses relevant considerations for the design of future HPV therapeutic vaccines and clinical trials, such as HPV protein expression patterns, immunogenicity, and exhaustion in relation to the different stages and types of HPV-associated lesions and cancers. Ultimately, while the majority of the HPV therapeutic vaccines currently in clinical testing target the two HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7, we suggest that there is a need to include more HPV antigens in future HPV therapeutic vaccines to increase efficacy and find that especially E1 and E2 could be promising novel targets.
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