The influence of long-term animal manure and crop residue application on abiotic and biotic N immobilization in an acidified agricultural soil
The influence of long-term animal manure and crop residue application on abiotic and biotic N immobilization in an acidified agricultural soil
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长期施用动物粪便和农作物残茬对酸化农业土壤中非生物和生物氮固定的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.10.022
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发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Cheng Yi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Jing;Sun Nan;Xu Minggang;Wang Shenqiang;Zhang Jinbo;Cai Zucong;Cheng Yi
在酸化的农业土壤中长期施用有机肥料可以通过提供碳（C）源和缓解土壤酸化来改变土壤氮（N）固定化。然而，人们对长期施用有机肥后酸化农业土壤中非生物和生物氮固定的相对重要性还缺乏了解。一般来说，农作物秸秆的碳氮比比动物粪便更高，因此土壤中生物氮的固定化程度更高。相比之下，施用动物粪便可以更大程度地刺激土壤微生物活性，因为其缓解酸化的能力更强。解决这一矛盾对于预测酸化农业土壤中微生物氮保留能力和不同类型有机肥的影响至关重要。开展了实验室 15 N 示踪实验，研究了长期施用动物粪便和农作物秸秆对中国酸化农业土壤中非生物和生物氮固定的影响。动物粪便施用对非生物和生物氮固定化的促进作用高于农作物秸秆。与非生物 NH4+-N 固定相反，微生物 NH4+-N 固定在很大程度上有助于 NH4+-N 的保留。相比之下，在升高的 C 条件下，非生物 NO3−N 固定比微生物 NO3−N 固定对 NO3−N 保留具有更显着的作用。动物粪便引起的微生物 NH4+-N 和 NO3−-N 固定的增加可归因于 C 有效性的增加和土壤 pH 值增加导致的土壤微生物活性的增强。结果表明，长期向酸化农业土壤投入有机物质可以增强非生物和生物氮固定能力。
Long-term application of organic fertilizers in acidified agricultural soils could alter soil nitrogen (N) immobilization by providing carbon (C) source and alleviating soil acidification. However, an understanding of the relative importance of abiotic and biotic N immobilization in acidified agricultural soils following long-term organic fertilizer application is largely lacking. Generally, the application of crop straw, which has a higher C/N ratio than animal manure, results in higher biotic N immobilization in soils. In contrast, the application of animal manure can result in greater stimulation of soil microbial activity due to a higher capacity to alleviate acidification. Resolving this contradiction is critical for predicting microbial N retention capacity and the effects of different types of organic fertilizer in acidified agricultural soils. A laboratory15N tracer experiment was carried out to examine the effects of long-term animal manure and crop straw application on abiotic and biotic N immobilization in an acidified agricultural soil in China. Animal manure application had a higher stimulation effect on abiotic and biotic N immobilization than crop straw. Microbial NH4+-N immobilization, as opposed to abiotic NH4+-N immobilization, largely contributed to the retention of NH4+-N. In contrast, abiotic NO3−-N immobilization had a more significant role in NO3−-N retention than microbial NO3−-N immobilization under elevated C conditions. Animal manure-induced increases in microbial NH4+-N and NO3−-N immobilization could be attributed to both increased C availability and enhanced soil microbial activity due to an increase in soil pH. The results suggest that long-term inputs of organic material to acidified agricultural soils could enhance abiotic and biotic N immobilization capacity.
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