Sipuleucel-T: immunotherapy for advanced prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer continues to be one of the most serious afflictions of men of advanced age, remaining the most commonly diagnosed and second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in American men. The treatment options for patients with incurable metastatic, castrate-resistant disease have long focused on various chemotherapeutic approaches, which provide a slight survival benefit while being associated with potentially significant side effects. However, the recent approval of sipuleucel-T has given patients with advanced disease an additional treatment option that has demonstrated benefit without the side effects associated with chemotherapy. Sipuleucel-T is an antigen-presenting cell-based active immunotherapy that utilizes a patient’s own immune cells, presumably to activate an antigen-specific immune response against tumor cells. This review focuses on the development and implementation of sipuleucel-T as a therapy for prostate cancer. Specifically, we present some of the issues associated with the management of advanced prostate cancer, the research and development that led to the approval of sipuleucel-T, how the approval of sipuleucel-T could change the clinical management of prostate cancer, and current and future areas of investigation that are being pursued with regard to sipuleucel-T and other treatments for advanced prostate cancer.

前列腺癌仍然是老年男性最严重的疾病之一，在美国男性中，它是最常被诊断出的癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大原因。对于患有无法治愈的转移性去势抵抗性疾病的患者，治疗方案长期以来一直侧重于各种化疗方法，这些方法虽能略微提高生存率，但可能伴有严重的副作用。然而，sipuleucel - T最近获得批准，为晚期疾病患者提供了一种额外的治疗选择，它已被证明有益且无化疗相关的副作用。Sipuleucel - T是一种基于抗原呈递细胞的主动免疫疗法，利用患者自身的免疫细胞，大概是为了激活针对肿瘤细胞的抗原特异性免疫反应。本综述重点关注sipuleucel - T作为前列腺癌治疗方法的研发和应用。具体而言，我们介绍了一些与晚期前列腺癌治疗相关的问题、导致sipuleucel - T获批的研发过程、sipuleucel - T的获批如何改变前列腺癌的临床治疗，以及当前和未来针对sipuleucel - T和其他晚期前列腺癌治疗方法正在进行的研究领域。