Spatio‐temporal evolution of Fosterella (Bromeliaceae) in the Central Andean biodiversity hotspot
Spatio‐temporal evolution of Fosterella (Bromeliaceae) in the Central Andean biodiversity hotspot
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安第斯山脉中部生物多样性热点地区 Fosterella（凤梨科）的时空演化
DOI：
10.1111/jbi.12052
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Schulte K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wagner N;Silvestro D;Brie D;Ibisch P. I;Zizka G;Weising K;Schulte K.
Fosterella（凤梨科）是安第斯山脉中部的一个高度特有属，其多样性中心位于中部安第斯山脉（24种），分布于两个主要生物群落：永加斯和季节性干旱热带森林（SDTF）。该属显示三个主要的分离：亚马逊河流域（一种），中美洲（一种），和巴西盾（5种）。MethodsPhylogenetic relationships within Fosterella推断基于6个质体DNA区域。简约和似然方法，贝叶斯放松分子钟，祖先地区重建，和多样化率分析被用来推断时空演变ofFosterella.ResultsThe起源现存谱系ofFosterella被放置在中新世晚期（c. 9.6在最后一次安第斯山脉快速隆起期间。SDTF和非地带性低地的网站被推断为最有可能的祖先栖息地。杨加人曾多次独立于C。4.7马向前。只有一个分支多样化的永加斯，指示生态转变为潮湿和凉爽的条件。推测最近有两次长距离扩散到中美洲和亚马逊河流域。Fosterella内的多样化率被发现是恒定的，通过时间和相对较低（0.4种百万年-1）。适宜生境的孤立分布促进了高度特有性的演变。Fosterella的低物种形成率与安第斯高海拔类群的高多样性率相反，但与其他安第斯低海拔至中海拔类群相似。上一次安第斯山脉的快速隆起并没有在福斯泰拉的多样化率上留下可检测的特征。
AimTo reconstruct the spatio‐temporal evolution ofFosterella(Bromeliaceae), a genus characterized by a high degree of endemism in the Central Andes, and to account for contemporary patterns of diversity and distribution within the genus.LocationFosterellahas its centre of diversity in the Central Andes (24 species), where it occurs in two major biomes: the Yungas and seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF). The genus displays three major disjunctions: Amazonia (one species), Central America (one species), and the Brazilian Shield (five species).MethodsPhylogenetic relationships withinFosterellawere inferred based on six plastid DNA regions. Parsimony and likelihood methods, a Bayesian relaxed molecular clock, ancestral area reconstructions, and diversification rate analyses were used to infer the spatio‐temporal evolution ofFosterella.ResultsThe origin of extant lineages ofFosterellawas placed in the late Miocene (c. 9.6 Ma) during the last rapid Andean uplift. SDTF and azonal lowland sites were inferred as the most likely ancestral habitats. The Yungas were colonized several times independently fromc. 4.7 Ma onwards. Only one clade diversified in the Yungas, indicative of an ecological shift to moister and cooler conditions. Two recent long‐distance dispersals to Central America and to Amazonia were inferred. Diversification rates withinFosterellawere found to be constant through time and comparatively low (0.4 species Myr−1).Main conclusionsAllopatric speciation is the main mode of diversification inFosterella. The isolated distribution of suitable habitats fostered the evolution of a high degree of endemism. The low speciation rates inFosterellacontrast with high diversification rates of Andean high‐elevation taxa but are similar to other Andean low‐ to mid‐elevation taxa. The last rapid Andean uplift did not leave a detectable signature in the diversification rates ofFosterella.
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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